2
20
43
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58b807eb666e2a11806c286feee5f144
Dublin Core
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Title
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Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
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Title
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[Letter from Robert Cross to Henry Fiersol, 05/11/1971]
Description
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Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
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Robert Cross
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05/11/1971
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JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/e7cfbeb695835f8e2d026c19eb9a9779.pdf
c464b888950498e437d16a126b13b805
PDF Text
Text
"
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore , Pennsylvania 30 A pril 1971
To: From:
Mark Breibart, Lew Cook, Bob Cross, Ning Robinson, Dave Smith, and Jerry W ood Frederic Pryor
~\
Concerning: Proposal for a hearing From the evidence sent by the "Citizens' Commission to I nvestigate the F. B. 1- " and taking into account the considerations . raised at the Special Committee's meeting on April 29, I would like to present a somewhat modified proposal for formal hearings. Our mandate, as I understand it, is to investigate all aspects of the privacy situation at Swarthmore; this includes not only the issues concerning F.B . I. survei llance bbtua l sbeother aspects of the problem. Although we must make some type of judgment about the alleged wrongdoings of Mrs. Fe!y, Mr. Peirsol, and Miss Webb, we have to make a number of other types of decisions as well. The types of- hearings that I propose below have a number of different functions . Before outlining my preliminary opinions about the three staff members implicated in the surveillance prob lem, I would like to discuss briefly the problem of "hearsay evidence . " I. The F . B. I. Papers A. Authenticity Certain documents submitted by the Citizens' Commission are of doubtful authenticity: I refer especially to the handwritten note s or the scribbled notes on some of the official documents. Other documents relate to instruc tions to the F . B.I. from the home office and are not d~ rectly relevant to the alleged wrongdoings of the three staff members . There are, however, a series of documents, mostly on stationery enti tled "United States Government Memorandum" which appear authentic F . B. I . documents. , Two types of internal evidence support this authenticity:
�2
f '·
1. One document to the F . B. I . from William Weidner, _.swa r thmore Chief of Police , details a conversation with Mr . Cratsley and Mr . Stanton which Mr . Cratsley has claimed to be ac curate . 2. Severa l document s .efer to ac t ions by Mis s Webb , which, as I unders tand he r s t atements to the Phoeni x, sh~, ha s admitted . 3 . The F . B. I . conf irmed tha t documents relating to Jacky Reuss had been stolen and several of the documents , whose accuracy was attested by Jacky Reuss , turned up. B. The Hearsay Rule According to my dictionary, the hearsay rule excludes certain out-of-court statements, oral or written, which are offered as evidence . Further, certain types of evidence that are obtained illegally are not admissible . Although these procedures may be necessary in situations where the court has life-or- death powers over an individual, these guidelines are too strict in situations where authentic documents are used to determine whether or not a person should be moved from one position in the college to another . II . The Necessity for Formality As far as I know, the College has never held a hearing in which outside evidence was introduced to influence personne l decisions . I see any hearing that we might hold as an imporpant precedent and, therefore, believe that such a hearing should be conducted with care. In any hearing in which wrongdoing is alleged, I believe that an adversary proceeding is the fairest method of operation. That is, I would like to hear the reasons Mrs . Feiy or her lawyer give me for rejecting the authenticity of the F.B.I . documents. And I would like to hear the strongest possible countercase. I would further like to have notes taken so that there are no possibilities for misunderstandings. Any more informal procedure is not going to protec t the accused in a s effective a manner .
�3 A formal proceeoing also protects the committee from any accusati9n of playing a kangaroo court. Finally , a formal hearing is a concrete action that would satisfy most complaints that the administration has tried to sweep the whole surveillance issue under the rug. We can also announce that recommendations were made to President Cross who theh, at an "appropriate time, can announce his actions. If a record of the proceedings is made, then if any of the three accused desire that the proceedings be made public, a document can be released. III. The Case of Mrs. Feiy A. Charges
1. In the document entitled "United States Memor-
andum 3/13/70", Mrs . Feiy is alleged to have given the F.B.I. the following information about Dan Bennett: a. Bennett was criticized by the administration for inviting speakers uncleared by the College; b. Bennett was criticized by the administration for holding unapproved open discussions about controversal issues; c . Bennett is a radical; d. Bennett has not made any long distance calls to specified people or places in the last month, according to her charge slips. Clearly, only the last piece of information is based on privileged information . The other bits of information could have been gleaned in any number of ways, either legally or otherwise, and I do not feel the re is much we can do about it. 2. Mrs. Feiy has listened in to at least one fe1ephone conversation and made comments to the two people who were talking .
�4
"
B. Linkage between the Two Charges
. -
Both eharges relate to the issue of privacy and, therefore, seem to fall under the purview of our committee (at least in so far as I understand the mandate of our group, although others have disputed this). Both are, I further believe, grounds for removing Mrs. Feiy from her' present position; both may be, although I doubt it, grounds for firing her. Although the second charge could be a matter of concern only between the Personnel Office and Mrs. Feiy, the person raising the complaint did not choose to report the matter until the surveillance issue arose. Although Mrs. Feiy's alleged connections with the F.B . I. and her listening in on a conversation several years ago are unrelated in one sense, they contain elements of a consistent pattern of behavior by Mrs. Feiy and deserve, therefore, to be considered together . Further, separate action by the administration on the part of the second charge would prejudice the proceedings of our committee .
.:-
C. Proposal for a Hearing Any hearing of these charges will probably be quite short, especially since it is likely that she will deny everything. We should request the F.B.I. to send a representative who undoubtedly will not show up. Mrs. Feiy's counsel will undoubtedly cross-examine the two individuals testifying on the second charge and then we will have to come to a decision on whether or not to recommend any action to Bob Cross (who, I presume, will not attend the hearings so that he will not be on both the jury and the administrative bench). Mrs. Feiy should, of course, beinfonned of the charges in advance plus some indication of the evidence with regard to both charges. She should be informed that her refusal to show is equivalent to a nolo contendere plea and that, if she chooses to show up, she can be accompanied by a lawyer or other type of counsel. I think it further advisable to tell her that the maximum penalty would be her transfer to anocher job in the College at the same pay; this may induce her to be more cooperative (although we shouldn't hold our breaths).
�5
"
IV . The Case of Miss \"ebb A. 'Charges 1 . Addordingto the guide line s t ha t Court ney Smith gav e t o members of the admin is tration in November 1965 (which a r e in the F . B.I. fi l es) , Miss Webb was cert ainly' in her ,rights to gi ve the F . B. I. a list of ca tes about when students enrolled or qui t the College. 2. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 11/19/70; , Mlss Webb gave the F.B.I. a number of items on Jacky Reuss which were within the guidelines set out by Courtney Smith. She also, however, told them that Miss Reuss had asked her for her tran~cript to be sent to the University of W isconsin, which exceeded the guidelines. 3. There is also the possibility that Miss W ebb sent the F.B.I. an alphabetized list of black students, although it is not clear from the documents sent by the Citizens' Commission who actually compiled the list. B. Proposal for a Hearing The guidelines set out by Courtney Smith were sufficiently loose and the actions taken by Miss Webb seem sufficiently unimportant that I see little reason at r the present time for making any formal charges against her . Although she is outspoken enough to implicate herself on a number of other charges (e . g . giving transcripts to unauthorized individuals), I have some reluctance for trying to encourage her to hang herself . tVhat our hearing would concern is her ability to live with a set of future guidelines that would prevent he r from giving any transcript information to the F .B.I . without a subpoena. If she feels that she could not in good faith subscribe to such guidelines, then she should be transferred to ano ther office indt h e College.
�"., .
OUr hearings on Miss Webb ,should not, therefore, be ..f:iifl.C.iplinary but rather exploratory; and it should be made clear to her before that she is accused of no wrongdoing. These hearings, therefore, should be in the nature of information gathering. V. The Case of A. Charges 1. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 3/13/70", Mr. Peirsol furnished the F.B.I . with information concerning how long Dan Bennett had taught here, his previous place of employment, the fact that Mrs. Bennett is unemployed, information about Bennett's two children (sic); and data about Bennett's two-toned blue VW with license plate 5V0245. The fact that some of the information is public and other is quite wrong suggests that Peirsol did not consult official files but rather relied on his own inept sleuthing. B. Proposal for a Hearing Although I believe Peirsol was incredibly indiscreet and incompetent, I believe that he was within his rights as a private citizen to give out such information. (However, I could be argued out of this position.) It seems doubtful that the committee could, on the basis of this evidence, do much more than give Peirsol a reprimand. I would like, however, a short investigatory hearing in which the committee could learn more of what Peirsol actually does, so that we might be able to draw up better guidelines for privacy . Therefore, I recommend that he be requested to attend a hearing on this matter and, further, that he be informed that no disciplinary action will be taken against him. V. Final Comments I apologize for the length of this memo., but I feel that the committee should make its decisions about whetherdor
Mr~
Peirsol
�,.
7
not.~
to- hold hearings and the form of these hearings as soon as possible. Outlining my arguments in detail in advance ,will, I hope, speed up our deliberations. I look forward to your ideas at our meeting on Tuesday afternoon.
�
"
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore , Pennsylvania 30 A pril 1971
To: From:
Mark Breibart, Lew Cook, Bob Cross, Ning Robinson, Dave Smith, and Jerry W ood Frederic Pryor
~\
Concerning: Proposal for a hearing From the evidence sent by the "Citizens' Commission to I nvestigate the F. B. 1- " and taking into account the considerations . raised at the Special Committee's meeting on April 29, I would like to present a somewhat modified proposal for formal hearings. Our mandate, as I understand it, is to investigate all aspects of the privacy situation at Swarthmore; this includes not only the issues concerning F.B . I. survei llance bbtua l sbeother aspects of the problem. Although we must make some type of judgment about the alleged wrongdoings of Mrs. Fe!y, Mr. Peirsol, and Miss Webb, we have to make a number of other types of decisions as well. The types of- hearings that I propose below have a number of different functions . Before outlining my preliminary opinions about the three staff members implicated in the surveillance prob lem, I would like to discuss briefly the problem of "hearsay evidence . " I. The F . B. I. Papers A. Authenticity Certain documents submitted by the Citizens' Commission are of doubtful authenticity: I refer especially to the handwritten note s or the scribbled notes on some of the official documents. Other documents relate to instruc tions to the F . B.I. from the home office and are not d~ rectly relevant to the alleged wrongdoings of the three staff members . There are, however, a series of documents, mostly on stationery enti tled "United States Government Memorandum" which appear authentic F . B. I . documents. , Two types of internal evidence support this authenticity:
�2
f '·
1. One document to the F . B. I . from William Weidner, _.swa r thmore Chief of Police , details a conversation with Mr . Cratsley and Mr . Stanton which Mr . Cratsley has claimed to be ac curate . 2. Severa l document s .efer to ac t ions by Mis s Webb , which, as I unders tand he r s t atements to the Phoeni x, sh~, ha s admitted . 3 . The F . B. I . conf irmed tha t documents relating to Jacky Reuss had been stolen and several of the documents , whose accuracy was attested by Jacky Reuss , turned up. B. The Hearsay Rule According to my dictionary, the hearsay rule excludes certain out-of-court statements, oral or written, which are offered as evidence . Further, certain types of evidence that are obtained illegally are not admissible . Although these procedures may be necessary in situations where the court has life-or- death powers over an individual, these guidelines are too strict in situations where authentic documents are used to determine whether or not a person should be moved from one position in the college to another . II . The Necessity for Formality As far as I know, the College has never held a hearing in which outside evidence was introduced to influence personne l decisions . I see any hearing that we might hold as an imporpant precedent and, therefore, believe that such a hearing should be conducted with care. In any hearing in which wrongdoing is alleged, I believe that an adversary proceeding is the fairest method of operation. That is, I would like to hear the reasons Mrs . Feiy or her lawyer give me for rejecting the authenticity of the F.B.I . documents. And I would like to hear the strongest possible countercase. I would further like to have notes taken so that there are no possibilities for misunderstandings. Any more informal procedure is not going to protec t the accused in a s effective a manner .
�3 A formal proceeoing also protects the committee from any accusati9n of playing a kangaroo court. Finally , a formal hearing is a concrete action that would satisfy most complaints that the administration has tried to sweep the whole surveillance issue under the rug. We can also announce that recommendations were made to President Cross who theh, at an "appropriate time, can announce his actions. If a record of the proceedings is made, then if any of the three accused desire that the proceedings be made public, a document can be released. III. The Case of Mrs. Feiy A. Charges
1. In the document entitled "United States Memor-
andum 3/13/70", Mrs . Feiy is alleged to have given the F.B.I. the following information about Dan Bennett: a. Bennett was criticized by the administration for inviting speakers uncleared by the College; b. Bennett was criticized by the administration for holding unapproved open discussions about controversal issues; c . Bennett is a radical; d. Bennett has not made any long distance calls to specified people or places in the last month, according to her charge slips. Clearly, only the last piece of information is based on privileged information . The other bits of information could have been gleaned in any number of ways, either legally or otherwise, and I do not feel the re is much we can do about it. 2. Mrs. Feiy has listened in to at least one fe1ephone conversation and made comments to the two people who were talking .
�4
"
B. Linkage between the Two Charges
. -
Both eharges relate to the issue of privacy and, therefore, seem to fall under the purview of our committee (at least in so far as I understand the mandate of our group, although others have disputed this). Both are, I further believe, grounds for removing Mrs. Feiy from her' present position; both may be, although I doubt it, grounds for firing her. Although the second charge could be a matter of concern only between the Personnel Office and Mrs. Feiy, the person raising the complaint did not choose to report the matter until the surveillance issue arose. Although Mrs. Feiy's alleged connections with the F.B . I. and her listening in on a conversation several years ago are unrelated in one sense, they contain elements of a consistent pattern of behavior by Mrs. Feiy and deserve, therefore, to be considered together . Further, separate action by the administration on the part of the second charge would prejudice the proceedings of our committee .
.:-
C. Proposal for a Hearing Any hearing of these charges will probably be quite short, especially since it is likely that she will deny everything. We should request the F.B.I. to send a representative who undoubtedly will not show up. Mrs. Feiy's counsel will undoubtedly cross-examine the two individuals testifying on the second charge and then we will have to come to a decision on whether or not to recommend any action to Bob Cross (who, I presume, will not attend the hearings so that he will not be on both the jury and the administrative bench). Mrs. Feiy should, of course, beinfonned of the charges in advance plus some indication of the evidence with regard to both charges. She should be informed that her refusal to show is equivalent to a nolo contendere plea and that, if she chooses to show up, she can be accompanied by a lawyer or other type of counsel. I think it further advisable to tell her that the maximum penalty would be her transfer to anocher job in the College at the same pay; this may induce her to be more cooperative (although we shouldn't hold our breaths).
�5
"
IV . The Case of Miss \"ebb A. 'Charges 1 . Addordingto the guide line s t ha t Court ney Smith gav e t o members of the admin is tration in November 1965 (which a r e in the F . B.I. fi l es) , Miss Webb was cert ainly' in her ,rights to gi ve the F . B. I. a list of ca tes about when students enrolled or qui t the College. 2. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 11/19/70; , Mlss Webb gave the F.B.I. a number of items on Jacky Reuss which were within the guidelines set out by Courtney Smith. She also, however, told them that Miss Reuss had asked her for her tran~cript to be sent to the University of W isconsin, which exceeded the guidelines. 3. There is also the possibility that Miss W ebb sent the F.B.I. an alphabetized list of black students, although it is not clear from the documents sent by the Citizens' Commission who actually compiled the list. B. Proposal for a Hearing The guidelines set out by Courtney Smith were sufficiently loose and the actions taken by Miss Webb seem sufficiently unimportant that I see little reason at r the present time for making any formal charges against her . Although she is outspoken enough to implicate herself on a number of other charges (e . g . giving transcripts to unauthorized individuals), I have some reluctance for trying to encourage her to hang herself . tVhat our hearing would concern is her ability to live with a set of future guidelines that would prevent he r from giving any transcript information to the F .B.I . without a subpoena. If she feels that she could not in good faith subscribe to such guidelines, then she should be transferred to ano ther office indt h e College.
�"., .
OUr hearings on Miss Webb ,should not, therefore, be ..f:iifl.C.iplinary but rather exploratory; and it should be made clear to her before that she is accused of no wrongdoing. These hearings, therefore, should be in the nature of information gathering. V. The Case of A. Charges 1. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 3/13/70", Mr. Peirsol furnished the F.B.I . with information concerning how long Dan Bennett had taught here, his previous place of employment, the fact that Mrs. Bennett is unemployed, information about Bennett's two children (sic); and data about Bennett's two-toned blue VW with license plate 5V0245. The fact that some of the information is public and other is quite wrong suggests that Peirsol did not consult official files but rather relied on his own inept sleuthing. B. Proposal for a Hearing Although I believe Peirsol was incredibly indiscreet and incompetent, I believe that he was within his rights as a private citizen to give out such information. (However, I could be argued out of this position.) It seems doubtful that the committee could, on the basis of this evidence, do much more than give Peirsol a reprimand. I would like, however, a short investigatory hearing in which the committee could learn more of what Peirsol actually does, so that we might be able to draw up better guidelines for privacy . Therefore, I recommend that he be requested to attend a hearing on this matter and, further, that he be informed that no disciplinary action will be taken against him. V. Final Comments I apologize for the length of this memo., but I feel that the committee should make its decisions about whetherdor
Mr~
Peirsol
�,.
7
not.~
to- hold hearings and the form of these hearings as soon as possible. Outlining my arguments in detail in advance ,will, I hope, speed up our deliberations. I look forward to your ideas at our meeting on Tuesday afternoon.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
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Title
A name given to the resource
[Memorandum from Frederic Pryor regarding Proposal for a hearing, 04/30/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Frederic Pryor
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/30/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/96f9c8d04114aa4116bf9d06f5e3d1c8.pdf
c5f141167f6e7ba8c6a2749be79958ac
PDF Text
Text
t -
-7264>
FROM
P.
SUBJECT:
GILRO
•
~\
11/11/70
....
£1'0111
!ie£erenced CO!lllllWlication s t forth information Boston intormont ho i'urninhed - information to th e:r1"ect
I
that might have :lome contact with the subjects. On 11/12/70 Mrl. t1ecuri t:i Officer, advi:.;ed that is a Prot ssor 01' at that School and h'!ving .de ha been there about is not emplo previou-lj t ught at MHS. and there a two 11 children 1n the family cCt~n about year. . , . ' , . "" . The " rosid in a seIQ.l-dotnched hOUS~ l")cat d near residence althoUgh he dO,JB not have any social con act with them. has noted tr ": +- "hfl doe not appear to be anY"ne other than the ' resiG.mng ~t tlleizhOllle but that n . roue colleg students visit th z-e fz-equently. dri ve a . beaU. ng lic ns 'rhere re no other car: in til fandly and no oth l' cars norm 1ly parked in their driveway. 8S funlshed with the w nt d flyers on the subjects and he t[lted he would remain alert in his neighborhoo for their poss1ble appearance. Also he will alert his sources at the college for any information about the subjects particularly ny infor.mation t t subjects might be in contact with th O~ 11/12/10 MRS. Chief Switcheo Operato!', (conceal ide tity due to position t scnool) advised she has only limited ~ntact with . wh i 1n . th D partmen t th r •
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She stated that been the subject ot criticism by th school administration since he has taken on himnelf without q.learing with others the responsibility ot invi ting controversial speakers to t school. In arly Ovtob I' 1970, invited to talk on campus und he diu not. c·lear this invitation with the achool uministrat10n before hllnd~- AD a. result the adminis tratiQn felt. they r cei ved ulldu adverae publicity over J appearance. IlIso haa conducted disoussion croups on tho topics of _ 'f which are supposedly open to the public and this action ha.a not been approved by the school administration although it 1a regarded as action on his part OVer and beyond h~'8 authority in altering the oourse currioulUlIl. rms. - stated is generally reg~rded as a "radioal" for thi and similiar t~'pe action. MIt3. WIlS shown the wanted 'flyers on the subjects d ahe stated ~e is certain aha has not seen them around that school. [,he will remain alert for any information ooncerning them. W,S. will ulso confidentially furnish p tJrtinent information regarding any long distance telephone 'c alls made or received by She checked her slips tor long djs tance calla Illude from the oolloge for the past month and noted that none were listed as being made by CIIL~" , ~ ~ . D., wns ontucted in this matter and shown wantod flyers on the subjects. j1e stated that these id not look familiar unu he does not recall huvinG aeon them at or around the rosidence. He noted that th.: U.ve 2 houses away from him and that hiu house is s1 tuntod ouch. that he can oberll'e the residence from. the '\... . front of his house. He said he is certain that no ono othtir tl'Llt tho rou1de ut this ro .:.; idence althou~h a number--- of studonts v1nit thero 1'I'e~uentlY. i1orocall d that dUl~inG the pust sWlUner tho . held II 'rock festival" in their buck yard attended by more than 50 collegeaee youngsters. Thu Chief WRS rt;lquired to break this up whon it got too loud but this 1s the only ocoasion he has had to contact the in police busieness. The Chief noted that · the garage to ttie rear of the reDiti ence hUD been converted into a printing shop and it houses enough quip!flent to publioh D. newopa.per. 11 doao not know t.hu.t a ne\iSpaper is published there but he is lcoepine; a close eje on the garU{;e to ascortain \lhut aotivity takeo plaoe there. lio said a l·;)aflet if s printed there several .nonths a~o Hnd that this leaflet callml for support for the schedulod for trial in 197Q. . . 'l'He ' Chiof is certtti~....:.. tlut no one lives in the GnraGe uut he has seor ".~ ".pple types" trequent the garage. lie uill romain espeoia 11_1 alert tor the appearan~e of the subJeots and 14e will contaot h1 souroes and lert them oonc rning the ubjects.
�G
!. il0
On l~/12ilO lIH. -' P03tr:lacrtel~, rost Of(ice ... ' waD contacted ,in this matter. was furniohe'd copieD of vlllntod flynro on the flubjectD und requoD tad to contRc this carriors to Ellert theFt no to tho appearance of the subjocto in ;~n. also otated that contuct with tho carrior who haudlos ti"lo rcoilience on revuals that ho hao no rucollection of Iilail cOla,inc to that residence ad4ressed to oth()r than the /~lso ti.1n carrier 1s certain t hat riO one other than the reoide thore. otated ho would remain alert as to I1R~ reoi~ience which might be MJ lllai 1 to or frOi.ll tho significant in this c
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-7264>
FROM
P.
SUBJECT:
GILRO
•
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11/11/70
....
£1'0111
!ie£erenced CO!lllllWlication s t forth information Boston intormont ho i'urninhed - information to th e:r1"ect
I
that might have :lome contact with the subjects. On 11/12/70 Mrl. t1ecuri t:i Officer, advi:.;ed that is a Prot ssor 01' at that School and h'!ving .de ha been there about is not emplo previou-lj t ught at MHS. and there a two 11 children 1n the family cCt~n about year. . , . ' , . "" . The " rosid in a seIQ.l-dotnched hOUS~ l")cat d near residence althoUgh he dO,JB not have any social con act with them. has noted tr ": +- "hfl doe not appear to be anY"ne other than the ' resiG.mng ~t tlleizhOllle but that n . roue colleg students visit th z-e fz-equently. dri ve a . beaU. ng lic ns 'rhere re no other car: in til fandly and no oth l' cars norm 1ly parked in their driveway. 8S funlshed with the w nt d flyers on the subjects and he t[lted he would remain alert in his neighborhoo for their poss1ble appearance. Also he will alert his sources at the college for any information about the subjects particularly ny infor.mation t t subjects might be in contact with th O~ 11/12/10 MRS. Chief Switcheo Operato!', (conceal ide tity due to position t scnool) advised she has only limited ~ntact with . wh i 1n . th D partmen t th r •
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She stated that been the subject ot criticism by th school administration since he has taken on himnelf without q.learing with others the responsibility ot invi ting controversial speakers to t school. In arly Ovtob I' 1970, invited to talk on campus und he diu not. c·lear this invitation with the achool uministrat10n before hllnd~- AD a. result the adminis tratiQn felt. they r cei ved ulldu adverae publicity over J appearance. IlIso haa conducted disoussion croups on tho topics of _ 'f which are supposedly open to the public and this action ha.a not been approved by the school administration although it 1a regarded as action on his part OVer and beyond h~'8 authority in altering the oourse currioulUlIl. rms. - stated is generally reg~rded as a "radioal" for thi and similiar t~'pe action. MIt3. WIlS shown the wanted 'flyers on the subjects d ahe stated ~e is certain aha has not seen them around that school. [,he will remain alert for any information ooncerning them. W,S. will ulso confidentially furnish p tJrtinent information regarding any long distance telephone 'c alls made or received by She checked her slips tor long djs tance calla Illude from the oolloge for the past month and noted that none were listed as being made by CIIL~" , ~ ~ . D., wns ontucted in this matter and shown wantod flyers on the subjects. j1e stated that these id not look familiar unu he does not recall huvinG aeon them at or around the rosidence. He noted that th.: U.ve 2 houses away from him and that hiu house is s1 tuntod ouch. that he can oberll'e the residence from. the '\... . front of his house. He said he is certain that no ono othtir tl'Llt tho rou1de ut this ro .:.; idence althou~h a number--- of studonts v1nit thero 1'I'e~uentlY. i1orocall d that dUl~inG the pust sWlUner tho . held II 'rock festival" in their buck yard attended by more than 50 collegeaee youngsters. Thu Chief WRS rt;lquired to break this up whon it got too loud but this 1s the only ocoasion he has had to contact the in police busieness. The Chief noted that · the garage to ttie rear of the reDiti ence hUD been converted into a printing shop and it houses enough quip!flent to publioh D. newopa.per. 11 doao not know t.hu.t a ne\iSpaper is published there but he is lcoepine; a close eje on the garU{;e to ascortain \lhut aotivity takeo plaoe there. lio said a l·;)aflet if s printed there several .nonths a~o Hnd that this leaflet callml for support for the schedulod for trial in 197Q. . . 'l'He ' Chiof is certtti~....:.. tlut no one lives in the GnraGe uut he has seor ".~ ".pple types" trequent the garage. lie uill romain espeoia 11_1 alert tor the appearan~e of the subJeots and 14e will contaot h1 souroes and lert them oonc rning the ubjects.
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On l~/12ilO lIH. -' P03tr:lacrtel~, rost Of(ice ... ' waD contacted ,in this matter. was furniohe'd copieD of vlllntod flynro on the flubjectD und requoD tad to contRc this carriors to Ellert theFt no to tho appearance of the subjocto in ;~n. also otated that contuct with tho carrior who haudlos ti"lo rcoilience on revuals that ho hao no rucollection of Iilail cOla,inc to that residence ad4ressed to oth()r than the /~lso ti.1n carrier 1s certain t hat riO one other than the reoide thore. otated ho would remain alert as to I1R~ reoi~ience which might be MJ lllai 1 to or frOi.ll tho significant in this c
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[FBI Memo 11/11/1970]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
[Federal Bureau of Investigations]
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
11/11/1970
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Faculty
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/386faaa6449f40cc2b03a7da7ba5eff9.jpg
2e74551e84d2d396d7f27e0f5872bbe9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Initial Report Re: Student Protest at Swarthmore College
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Swarthmore Police Department
William Weidner
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
01/27/1969
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
1969 sit-in
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/e25b15f072330e523d0de9408a4edfe7.pdf
9e8bc93e8fc325841b9b67d65d57cb44
PDF Text
Text
-/
To:
Ning Robinson, Hark Breihart, Dave Smith, Lew Cook, and Robert Cross
From: Fr ed Pryor and Jerry Wood
Enclosed, you ''lill find a draft of the statements on pr ivacy. He
''lOuld
appreciate your comments, not only on formulations but also on completeness •
-
.
�PRIVACY OF MEMBERS OF THE COLLEDE COMMUNITY
Members of the college community, primarily faculty and staff members, are frequently 'a'sk;d for information about other members of the college community. On the one hand such requests may concern recommendations of students for graduate school or employment or information for a daily newspaper regarding awards granted to outstanding faculty members or students; on the other hand such requests may concern political opinions of community members or information concerning criminal activities. It is often difficult to determine which information is private or confidential and should not b~ released ' in order to protect the privacy of members of the college community and which may be publicly r eleased. The principles presented in this statement deal with general issues and those presented in the following statement concern specific problems of the confid entiality of academic, financial, and other records.
I.
Verification of reguest
In all cases the credentials of the person reques ting information should be closely checked. All police officials, F.B.I. agents, and newspapermen have identification cards with photographs; if there is any doubt as to the authenticity , of such identification cards, the home office of the person requesting information should be called to see if such requests were authorized. Authenticity of requests for information by mail are more difficult to check, but if they regard particular members of the college community, these members should be called to verify the legitimacy of the request. F.B.Io agents or members of other investigation agencies checking the loyalty of applicants for f ederal jobs should be asked to show the release signed by the person under investigation giving' permission for such an enquiry. II. Privileged information
In the course of fulfilling college duties both faculty members and staff learn much about other members of the college community which must be cons id ered privileged information; this information is not to be released to those r equesti ng such information from either inside or outside the college community. 1. Such privileged information especially concerns ideas expressed by students in writing and class participation. One of the aims of a college education is to question and shake opinions and beliefs pre';'iously arrived at and to form opinions that have been tested by the individual himself. The student is exposed to new ideas put forth by faculty members, by other students, or in r eading . During his college years he is asked to look with an open mind at different theories and philosophies and is also encouraged to tryout ideas in experience. Many students go through a series of divergent yet passionately held philosophical convictions while at college. They may defend each strongly, this being one way of t esting them. The espousal by some students in discussion or papers of ideas considered subversive outside the campus, must therefore be recognized as a normal activity in a college . It follows from this that there must exist a special relationship of trust among students and faculty in th eir acad emic association. Members of the college community should f eel confid ent that expression of their ideas will be
A.
.'
�..
2.
regarded as strictly an academic matter, to be considered privileged and not to be reported tp those outside the college community. This relationship of trust is indispensable·' to. a college community if it is to serve its proper function in society. 2. The communications system of the college, including the telephone system and the mail system, must remain completely private and messages of college community members are neither to be intercepted, overheard, or in any way monitored without explicit court order; ~urther, i~formation about senders or receivers of messages is considered as privileged information and not to be released. Any information accidentally gained by staff members operating these communications systems is to be considered privileged and not to be reported to others, except in instances where disruptive or criminal activity may be involved; in these cases a report should be made only to one of the deans, vice presidents, or president of the College.
3. Information gained in the cleaning of faculty offices, student rooms, or other college facilities is to be considered privileged, insofar as the faculty member or student is not violating governmental or college regulations.
4. If there are questions regarding whether particular information is privileged, the matter should be discussed with the deans or higher administrative authorj,ties.
B. Privileged information and political, social, and criminal matters
1. Privileged information regarding political and social ideas, concerns, and actions of members of the col·lege community is not to be reported to others, either within or without the college community, under penalty of the sanctions discussed below.
20 Privileged information regarding criminal acts or violation of college regulations raise particular dilemmas, since competing demands of duty to the government or college are placed in opposition to the rights of privacy outlined in this document. With regard to reporting criminal action to outside authorities, the college deans should be consulted before action is taken.
III. Areas of Privacy
Three areas in which privacy is involved require special attention: issues concerning recommendations; concerning special requests for information by news media, police, and other outside sources; and concerning "privacy of person."
/
A.
Recommendations and 1I1 oyalty checks"
Two serious problems arise with regard to the giving of recommendations or information for "loyalty checks." 1. First, such recommendations may be us ed in situations other than those for which the recommendation is asked. For instance, a recommendation · sent to the Civil Service Commission may form part of an F.B.I. dossier of the person that may follow him for years. 2. Second, although recommendations do not require the divulging of privileged information, they often require an evaluation of the person that is based
�3.
on privileged information, e.g. the observation of a student's behavior in the classroom. Although the "specific political and social ideas of the student are certainly privLleged information and not to be divulged, the problems of what to reveal with regard to inferences based on this information are more difficult to resolve. If, on the basis of such inf€rences, the faculty member feels that a particular student , is not suited for the position for which he applied and needs a recommendation, it is best to give a negative recommendation without stating the !reasons.
3. "Loyalty checks" provide more difficulties. The basic assumption of the federal security program is that the Government has the right to, and indeed must, protest itself 'from disloyalty and subversion. "However, ascertaining the loyalty of any individual or the possibility of future acts of subversion by him, is fraught with danger. The relationship between opinion expressed by community members and their deeds is tenuous for two reasons. First, the spoken or written word or the studying of certain materials is far removed from actions. To act requires more than intellectual assent. Often we may not know what we believe until we are challenged to act upon our beliefs. Second, few "people reveal to others their deepest thoughts and feelings; and even when they do, opinions which are voiced are easily misinterpreted.
~,
"
I
i
If there is doubt expressed about the loyaLty of one member of the college comnlunity by another, or about his safety as a security risk because of his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs, as distinct from his character or stability of personality, a full statement of the charge should be given in writing to the investigating authorities, a copy of which should also be given to the person being investigated. B. Other requests for
info~lation
by outside agencies
Members of the college community are requested often for information, especially from news media and police, but also from research agencies a~d other interested parties. 1. Police and F.B.I. officials have, on occasion, requested general information about college community members that concern no specific acts of the person involved but which are concerned with building up a dossier for unknown purposes. On no account is privileged information nor inferences from privileged information or second or third hand information to be divulged . If such sources are persistent, they should be referred to one of the college deans. 2. News media have often requested information regarding famous or infamous members of the college community. Again, privileg ed information or inferences from privileged information should not be divulged. In order to respect the rights of privacy of the individual under examination most thoroughly, it is advised to check with the person in question before supplying information. If information is solicited concerning particular groups or organizations on campus, the same principles hold. In cases of doubt, one of the college deans should be consulted.
/
3 • . Various outside organizations and research groups constantly apply to particular college community members for particular j..nf<;>rmation. In many cases
�4.
this involves somernatter of public knowledge about the college and no difficulty is involved. Again, neither privileged information nor inferences from privileged information should be divulged. Difficult questions should be referred to one of the college·:deatls.,
I
I
C.
Privacy of person
College community members have a right to conduct their normal college business as well as their social life without fear that their privacy is being invaded. Several areas of especial concern, including privacy of faculty offices and student rooms, are briefly discussed below. 1. Faculty members perform a larger role in relation to their students than that of academic mentors. They are frequently called upon to advise students on matters of a personal nature, including "family problems, II social interrelationships with their peers, as well as the development of a philosophy for the conduct of life. Such private discussions between faculty and students are to be regarded as falling within the realm of strictest confidentiality (insofar as the substance of such discussions are concerned), though there may conceivably be occasions on which faculty members--in evaluating with their colleagues the academic performance of a student--may find it constructive to indicate the presence (though not the sUbstance) of. personal difficulties faced by that student. 2. As a general rule, the rooms of students are to be regarded as the private domain of their occupants and, thus, protected by the normal canons of privacy. It is to be understood, however, that the College reserves the right to make inspections of student premises when there is reasonable grounds for suspecting violations therein of governmental or College regulations. [-
3. It is expected, of course, that individuals will conduct their private affairs in a private manner, and with all due respect for the privacy of others. 4. It is expected that from time to time persons or organizations from within or without the College may wish to conduct surveys or to distribute questionnaires for academic research purposes, ' or for political, commercial, or other objectives. In these instances, the following principles should apply.
a. Any outside person or organization wishing to circulate a questionnaire or survey among students or faculty members must obtain prior permission from the Dean of Men or the Dean of Women. b. Questionnaires or surveys regarding student or faculty oplnlons or tastes--whether circulated by persons from within or without the College--should clearly indicate the purpose for which such a canVaS is being made. If the survey or qUestionnaire originates from within the College, the person or organization circulating it should be alert to ethical considerations involving the privacy and integrity of respondents; in cases of doubt, Department Chairman or the Research Ethics Committee should be consulted.
Co Only bona fide students may .collect information for commercial purposes. When approached for such information, the person being canvassed may request p~oof of identification from the individual making the enquiry.
d. It is to be understood, of course, that anyone sol,icited for information by surveyor questionnaire reserves the right not to respond.
�5.
-/ '
IV.
SanctiQns
.'
I The College reserves the right to remove from its midst those individuals violating the rights of privacy contained in this document and, if the occasion warrants, to sue for damages.
!
�CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS
The following principles are applicable to handling any requests for informatiop . about students or former students, faculty members, or members of ~h; college staff and administration by any member of the college community. These principles are intended to protect the individual's right to privacy and the confidentiality of his records throughout the institution. All College personnel in charge of such records must sign a written document indicating their understanding' of these principles.
)~
I.
Student Records
The following major types of student records are officially maintained by the College: academic records and certain personal r e cords by the Registrar's Office; financial records by the Office of Financial Aid; records on disciplinary and other actions by the Office of the ,Deans; medical records by the Colle g e physician; certain high school records and recommendations by the Admissions Office; reco mmenda tions by the Job Placement Office; and particular information about academic performance of former students and their current addresses and activities in the Alumni Office. These records contain privileged informa tion and the contents are to be disclosed only in the situations described below. Further, release of lists of students in raci a l, reli g ious, or social ' ? categories based on student records is forbidden. ~ A. Disclosure to Students
1. A student is entitled to an official trans cript of his own academic record, subj ec t only·to the conditions listed below under ~lithholding Informa tion (s e ction G). It i s Coll ege policy th a t other materials in student files are confide n tial. No student is permitted to see the transcri p t or academic re60td of an ot he r student without written permission by the person whose transcript is involved. A student has the right to inspect his academic record (from which transcripts ar~ made) and is entitled to an expl a nat ion of any information recorded on it. When the ori ginal is shown, examination is p e rmitted only under conditions which will prevent its~teration or mutilation. Students who wish to request copie s of their transcript must do so in writing. Telephoned requests fro m gradu a ted students will be honored only at the discretion of the Registrar.
,I
20 Documents submitted by or for the student in support of his application for admission to Swarthmore are not returned to the student, nor sent elsewhere at his reque s t. In exce p tional c ase s, however, where another transcript is unobt a inab le, or can b e secured only with th e greatest difficulty, copies may be prepare d and released upon the written request of the stude n t.
�-~-
30 The fin ancial records held by the Advisor of Finan cial Aid, the r e cords 9n d, sciplin a ry a nd other actions held by the Offic e of the i Deans; and th e medical records held by the Colle ge phys~cian are to be disclosed neither to the student himself nor any other student.
40 Iitformation in alumni files concerning current address or dealin g with matters submitted by the alumni for publication in the Alumni Bulletin i5 _ public information and c a n be obt a ined by students. ' I Other information in is completely confidentialo
Bo Disclosure to Faculty and Administrative 10 Faculty and administrative officers of the College who have a legitimate interest in the materials of fil~6 on students and who demonstrate a need to know are permitted to look over the acade mic record of any student. The contents of the official academic r e cord of a stud en t are not sent outside the Office of the Registrar e x cept in circumst ances specifically authorized by the Registrar. Normally a permanent record never leaves the Office of the Registrar since copies can readily be made. 2. Non-academic records of students are not disclosed to faculty members except under extraordinary circums tanc e s in which the need for such records in order academically to aid the student can be clearly demonstrated.
3. Non-academic records of students are not disclo sed to administra tive officers excep t as they pursue their assigned duti~s.
C. Di s clo s ure to Parents, Education al Institutions, and Other Agencies
1. Grade reports are routinely released to parents or guardians without prior approval from the st udent unle ss the student is over 21 or , married and requests that his reports be withhe ld. Requests from other ins t itutions of learning for transcripts or other academic information must be accompanied by a written release from the studento 2. The Office of Financial Aid routinely reports the a cade mic prog ress of students su pp orted by public of private agencies providing schol a rship assistance to students unless specifically requested not to do so by the student.
3. The materials in a student!s placement file (should one exist) is releas ed to prospective employers for the purpose of placement only when the student requests such release or when it is clear that the prospective employer's request is the result of an application for employme nt by the student.
�
-/
To:
Ning Robinson, Hark Breihart, Dave Smith, Lew Cook, and Robert Cross
From: Fr ed Pryor and Jerry Wood
Enclosed, you ''lill find a draft of the statements on pr ivacy. He
''lOuld
appreciate your comments, not only on formulations but also on completeness •
-
.
�PRIVACY OF MEMBERS OF THE COLLEDE COMMUNITY
Members of the college community, primarily faculty and staff members, are frequently 'a'sk;d for information about other members of the college community. On the one hand such requests may concern recommendations of students for graduate school or employment or information for a daily newspaper regarding awards granted to outstanding faculty members or students; on the other hand such requests may concern political opinions of community members or information concerning criminal activities. It is often difficult to determine which information is private or confidential and should not b~ released ' in order to protect the privacy of members of the college community and which may be publicly r eleased. The principles presented in this statement deal with general issues and those presented in the following statement concern specific problems of the confid entiality of academic, financial, and other records.
I.
Verification of reguest
In all cases the credentials of the person reques ting information should be closely checked. All police officials, F.B.I. agents, and newspapermen have identification cards with photographs; if there is any doubt as to the authenticity , of such identification cards, the home office of the person requesting information should be called to see if such requests were authorized. Authenticity of requests for information by mail are more difficult to check, but if they regard particular members of the college community, these members should be called to verify the legitimacy of the request. F.B.Io agents or members of other investigation agencies checking the loyalty of applicants for f ederal jobs should be asked to show the release signed by the person under investigation giving' permission for such an enquiry. II. Privileged information
In the course of fulfilling college duties both faculty members and staff learn much about other members of the college community which must be cons id ered privileged information; this information is not to be released to those r equesti ng such information from either inside or outside the college community. 1. Such privileged information especially concerns ideas expressed by students in writing and class participation. One of the aims of a college education is to question and shake opinions and beliefs pre';'iously arrived at and to form opinions that have been tested by the individual himself. The student is exposed to new ideas put forth by faculty members, by other students, or in r eading . During his college years he is asked to look with an open mind at different theories and philosophies and is also encouraged to tryout ideas in experience. Many students go through a series of divergent yet passionately held philosophical convictions while at college. They may defend each strongly, this being one way of t esting them. The espousal by some students in discussion or papers of ideas considered subversive outside the campus, must therefore be recognized as a normal activity in a college . It follows from this that there must exist a special relationship of trust among students and faculty in th eir acad emic association. Members of the college community should f eel confid ent that expression of their ideas will be
A.
.'
�..
2.
regarded as strictly an academic matter, to be considered privileged and not to be reported tp those outside the college community. This relationship of trust is indispensable·' to. a college community if it is to serve its proper function in society. 2. The communications system of the college, including the telephone system and the mail system, must remain completely private and messages of college community members are neither to be intercepted, overheard, or in any way monitored without explicit court order; ~urther, i~formation about senders or receivers of messages is considered as privileged information and not to be released. Any information accidentally gained by staff members operating these communications systems is to be considered privileged and not to be reported to others, except in instances where disruptive or criminal activity may be involved; in these cases a report should be made only to one of the deans, vice presidents, or president of the College.
3. Information gained in the cleaning of faculty offices, student rooms, or other college facilities is to be considered privileged, insofar as the faculty member or student is not violating governmental or college regulations.
4. If there are questions regarding whether particular information is privileged, the matter should be discussed with the deans or higher administrative authorj,ties.
B. Privileged information and political, social, and criminal matters
1. Privileged information regarding political and social ideas, concerns, and actions of members of the col·lege community is not to be reported to others, either within or without the college community, under penalty of the sanctions discussed below.
20 Privileged information regarding criminal acts or violation of college regulations raise particular dilemmas, since competing demands of duty to the government or college are placed in opposition to the rights of privacy outlined in this document. With regard to reporting criminal action to outside authorities, the college deans should be consulted before action is taken.
III. Areas of Privacy
Three areas in which privacy is involved require special attention: issues concerning recommendations; concerning special requests for information by news media, police, and other outside sources; and concerning "privacy of person."
/
A.
Recommendations and 1I1 oyalty checks"
Two serious problems arise with regard to the giving of recommendations or information for "loyalty checks." 1. First, such recommendations may be us ed in situations other than those for which the recommendation is asked. For instance, a recommendation · sent to the Civil Service Commission may form part of an F.B.I. dossier of the person that may follow him for years. 2. Second, although recommendations do not require the divulging of privileged information, they often require an evaluation of the person that is based
�3.
on privileged information, e.g. the observation of a student's behavior in the classroom. Although the "specific political and social ideas of the student are certainly privLleged information and not to be divulged, the problems of what to reveal with regard to inferences based on this information are more difficult to resolve. If, on the basis of such inf€rences, the faculty member feels that a particular student , is not suited for the position for which he applied and needs a recommendation, it is best to give a negative recommendation without stating the !reasons.
3. "Loyalty checks" provide more difficulties. The basic assumption of the federal security program is that the Government has the right to, and indeed must, protest itself 'from disloyalty and subversion. "However, ascertaining the loyalty of any individual or the possibility of future acts of subversion by him, is fraught with danger. The relationship between opinion expressed by community members and their deeds is tenuous for two reasons. First, the spoken or written word or the studying of certain materials is far removed from actions. To act requires more than intellectual assent. Often we may not know what we believe until we are challenged to act upon our beliefs. Second, few "people reveal to others their deepest thoughts and feelings; and even when they do, opinions which are voiced are easily misinterpreted.
~,
"
I
i
If there is doubt expressed about the loyaLty of one member of the college comnlunity by another, or about his safety as a security risk because of his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs, as distinct from his character or stability of personality, a full statement of the charge should be given in writing to the investigating authorities, a copy of which should also be given to the person being investigated. B. Other requests for
info~lation
by outside agencies
Members of the college community are requested often for information, especially from news media and police, but also from research agencies a~d other interested parties. 1. Police and F.B.I. officials have, on occasion, requested general information about college community members that concern no specific acts of the person involved but which are concerned with building up a dossier for unknown purposes. On no account is privileged information nor inferences from privileged information or second or third hand information to be divulged . If such sources are persistent, they should be referred to one of the college deans. 2. News media have often requested information regarding famous or infamous members of the college community. Again, privileg ed information or inferences from privileged information should not be divulged. In order to respect the rights of privacy of the individual under examination most thoroughly, it is advised to check with the person in question before supplying information. If information is solicited concerning particular groups or organizations on campus, the same principles hold. In cases of doubt, one of the college deans should be consulted.
/
3 • . Various outside organizations and research groups constantly apply to particular college community members for particular j..nf<;>rmation. In many cases
�4.
this involves somernatter of public knowledge about the college and no difficulty is involved. Again, neither privileged information nor inferences from privileged information should be divulged. Difficult questions should be referred to one of the college·:deatls.,
I
I
C.
Privacy of person
College community members have a right to conduct their normal college business as well as their social life without fear that their privacy is being invaded. Several areas of especial concern, including privacy of faculty offices and student rooms, are briefly discussed below. 1. Faculty members perform a larger role in relation to their students than that of academic mentors. They are frequently called upon to advise students on matters of a personal nature, including "family problems, II social interrelationships with their peers, as well as the development of a philosophy for the conduct of life. Such private discussions between faculty and students are to be regarded as falling within the realm of strictest confidentiality (insofar as the substance of such discussions are concerned), though there may conceivably be occasions on which faculty members--in evaluating with their colleagues the academic performance of a student--may find it constructive to indicate the presence (though not the sUbstance) of. personal difficulties faced by that student. 2. As a general rule, the rooms of students are to be regarded as the private domain of their occupants and, thus, protected by the normal canons of privacy. It is to be understood, however, that the College reserves the right to make inspections of student premises when there is reasonable grounds for suspecting violations therein of governmental or College regulations. [-
3. It is expected, of course, that individuals will conduct their private affairs in a private manner, and with all due respect for the privacy of others. 4. It is expected that from time to time persons or organizations from within or without the College may wish to conduct surveys or to distribute questionnaires for academic research purposes, ' or for political, commercial, or other objectives. In these instances, the following principles should apply.
a. Any outside person or organization wishing to circulate a questionnaire or survey among students or faculty members must obtain prior permission from the Dean of Men or the Dean of Women. b. Questionnaires or surveys regarding student or faculty oplnlons or tastes--whether circulated by persons from within or without the College--should clearly indicate the purpose for which such a canVaS is being made. If the survey or qUestionnaire originates from within the College, the person or organization circulating it should be alert to ethical considerations involving the privacy and integrity of respondents; in cases of doubt, Department Chairman or the Research Ethics Committee should be consulted.
Co Only bona fide students may .collect information for commercial purposes. When approached for such information, the person being canvassed may request p~oof of identification from the individual making the enquiry.
d. It is to be understood, of course, that anyone sol,icited for information by surveyor questionnaire reserves the right not to respond.
�5.
-/ '
IV.
SanctiQns
.'
I The College reserves the right to remove from its midst those individuals violating the rights of privacy contained in this document and, if the occasion warrants, to sue for damages.
!
�CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS
The following principles are applicable to handling any requests for informatiop . about students or former students, faculty members, or members of ~h; college staff and administration by any member of the college community. These principles are intended to protect the individual's right to privacy and the confidentiality of his records throughout the institution. All College personnel in charge of such records must sign a written document indicating their understanding' of these principles.
)~
I.
Student Records
The following major types of student records are officially maintained by the College: academic records and certain personal r e cords by the Registrar's Office; financial records by the Office of Financial Aid; records on disciplinary and other actions by the Office of the ,Deans; medical records by the Colle g e physician; certain high school records and recommendations by the Admissions Office; reco mmenda tions by the Job Placement Office; and particular information about academic performance of former students and their current addresses and activities in the Alumni Office. These records contain privileged informa tion and the contents are to be disclosed only in the situations described below. Further, release of lists of students in raci a l, reli g ious, or social ' ? categories based on student records is forbidden. ~ A. Disclosure to Students
1. A student is entitled to an official trans cript of his own academic record, subj ec t only·to the conditions listed below under ~lithholding Informa tion (s e ction G). It i s Coll ege policy th a t other materials in student files are confide n tial. No student is permitted to see the transcri p t or academic re60td of an ot he r student without written permission by the person whose transcript is involved. A student has the right to inspect his academic record (from which transcripts ar~ made) and is entitled to an expl a nat ion of any information recorded on it. When the ori ginal is shown, examination is p e rmitted only under conditions which will prevent its~teration or mutilation. Students who wish to request copie s of their transcript must do so in writing. Telephoned requests fro m gradu a ted students will be honored only at the discretion of the Registrar.
,I
20 Documents submitted by or for the student in support of his application for admission to Swarthmore are not returned to the student, nor sent elsewhere at his reque s t. In exce p tional c ase s, however, where another transcript is unobt a inab le, or can b e secured only with th e greatest difficulty, copies may be prepare d and released upon the written request of the stude n t.
�-~-
30 The fin ancial records held by the Advisor of Finan cial Aid, the r e cords 9n d, sciplin a ry a nd other actions held by the Offic e of the i Deans; and th e medical records held by the Colle ge phys~cian are to be disclosed neither to the student himself nor any other student.
40 Iitformation in alumni files concerning current address or dealin g with matters submitted by the alumni for publication in the Alumni Bulletin i5 _ public information and c a n be obt a ined by students. ' I Other information in is completely confidentialo
Bo Disclosure to Faculty and Administrative 10 Faculty and administrative officers of the College who have a legitimate interest in the materials of fil~6 on students and who demonstrate a need to know are permitted to look over the acade mic record of any student. The contents of the official academic r e cord of a stud en t are not sent outside the Office of the Registrar e x cept in circumst ances specifically authorized by the Registrar. Normally a permanent record never leaves the Office of the Registrar since copies can readily be made. 2. Non-academic records of students are not disclosed to faculty members except under extraordinary circums tanc e s in which the need for such records in order academically to aid the student can be clearly demonstrated.
3. Non-academic records of students are not disclo sed to administra tive officers excep t as they pursue their assigned duti~s.
C. Di s clo s ure to Parents, Education al Institutions, and Other Agencies
1. Grade reports are routinely released to parents or guardians without prior approval from the st udent unle ss the student is over 21 or , married and requests that his reports be withhe ld. Requests from other ins t itutions of learning for transcripts or other academic information must be accompanied by a written release from the studento 2. The Office of Financial Aid routinely reports the a cade mic prog ress of students su pp orted by public of private agencies providing schol a rship assistance to students unless specifically requested not to do so by the student.
3. The materials in a student!s placement file (should one exist) is releas ed to prospective employers for the purpose of placement only when the student requests such release or when it is clear that the prospective employer's request is the result of an application for employme nt by the student.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Privacy of Members of the College Community [draft]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Frederic Pryor
Jerome Wood
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1971]
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Faculty
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/4af75e45a676703b1f97d97cfab5fcf2.pdf
74b189a5697dcc28627313c764f17c38
PDF Text
Text
"
28 June 1971 De ar Mr . William,s:, Thank you for your letter of June 23rd replying to my letter of June 1st, concerning Swarthmore College's relationship with the FBI. We in the administration have always endeavored to have an open and cooperative relationship with the FBI , as with other government agencies, and I hope that can be the pattern for the future . Certainly , we will do everything in our power to sustain that relations hip . I have to add, however, that if the experience of Jacqueline Reuss, daughter of Congressman Reuss, is to be reckoned with, or if the reports from Tom Lewis were correct and are to be credited, it is hard to escape the conc lusion that some members of the FBI were telling the administration one thing , and acting quite differently . I am sure you will agree that that is a poor basis for straightforward cooperation towards legitimate goals . We would not want Swarthmore College or its students or its staff to be immune in any way from the obligations of being good citizens, but the apparent lack of trust which the FBI placed in the College administration could not help but undermine relationships within the College, and make much more difficult one of our central tasks, which ! take to be the training of our students to work openly and public-spiritedly in support of good government and the democratic process . Let me repeat that I hope that before too long we will have a chance to meet and become acquainted. With all best wishes,
1/
/
\
Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross, President Congressman Lawrence G. Williams 1503 Longworth House Office Building Washington, D.C. 20515
�AWRENCE G . WILLIAMS
7TH DISTRICT, PENNSYLVANIA
COMMITTEES:
,.
BANKING AND CURRENCY STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT
DISTRiCT OFFICE : 50 POWELL ROAD SPRINGFIELD,
1503 LoNGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
ROBERT R. SIEGRIST
A.DMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
CAROL
A.
DITZLER
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
~ongrt!i!i of tbt Wnittb ~tatt!i -' rtJouse of l\epresentatibes
.ll~biugtou, 1D.~.
PA.
19064
JAMES
E.
BROOKES
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
20515
June 23, 1971
Mr. Robert D. Cross President Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania Dear Mr. Cross:
19081
This will acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 1, 1971, received in my Washington office . on June 5, 1971, relative to FBI intervention in our colleges • . In answer to the question in your letter of June 1, 1971, you can count on my assistance. However, I want you to know that I have never had any difficulty in communicating with the FBI. The FBI usually comes to a college campus only when there is sufficient evidence that an individual student, or a group of students, are engaging in activities that can lead to violence or could be subversive. Your interest in writing to me is deeply appreciated. Kindest regards.
~
LGW:wjab
LAWRENCE G. WILLIAMS, M. C.
>.
�
"
28 June 1971 De ar Mr . William,s:, Thank you for your letter of June 23rd replying to my letter of June 1st, concerning Swarthmore College's relationship with the FBI. We in the administration have always endeavored to have an open and cooperative relationship with the FBI , as with other government agencies, and I hope that can be the pattern for the future . Certainly , we will do everything in our power to sustain that relations hip . I have to add, however, that if the experience of Jacqueline Reuss, daughter of Congressman Reuss, is to be reckoned with, or if the reports from Tom Lewis were correct and are to be credited, it is hard to escape the conc lusion that some members of the FBI were telling the administration one thing , and acting quite differently . I am sure you will agree that that is a poor basis for straightforward cooperation towards legitimate goals . We would not want Swarthmore College or its students or its staff to be immune in any way from the obligations of being good citizens, but the apparent lack of trust which the FBI placed in the College administration could not help but undermine relationships within the College, and make much more difficult one of our central tasks, which ! take to be the training of our students to work openly and public-spiritedly in support of good government and the democratic process . Let me repeat that I hope that before too long we will have a chance to meet and become acquainted. With all best wishes,
1/
/
\
Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross, President Congressman Lawrence G. Williams 1503 Longworth House Office Building Washington, D.C. 20515
�AWRENCE G . WILLIAMS
7TH DISTRICT, PENNSYLVANIA
COMMITTEES:
,.
BANKING AND CURRENCY STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT
DISTRiCT OFFICE : 50 POWELL ROAD SPRINGFIELD,
1503 LoNGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
ROBERT R. SIEGRIST
A.DMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
CAROL
A.
DITZLER
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
~ongrt!i!i of tbt Wnittb ~tatt!i -' rtJouse of l\epresentatibes
.ll~biugtou, 1D.~.
PA.
19064
JAMES
E.
BROOKES
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
20515
June 23, 1971
Mr. Robert D. Cross President Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania Dear Mr. Cross:
19081
This will acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 1, 1971, received in my Washington office . on June 5, 1971, relative to FBI intervention in our colleges • . In answer to the question in your letter of June 1, 1971, you can count on my assistance. However, I want you to know that I have never had any difficulty in communicating with the FBI. The FBI usually comes to a college campus only when there is sufficient evidence that an individual student, or a group of students, are engaging in activities that can lead to violence or could be subversive. Your interest in writing to me is deeply appreciated. Kindest regards.
~
LGW:wjab
LAWRENCE G. WILLIAMS, M. C.
>.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Correspondence between Robert Cross and Congressman Williams, 06/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Lawrence Williams
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/28/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/e89f9c752c4338af37f67078939c7863.pdf
75438cc1867d6edfa184ce2c3650c1ed
PDF Text
Text
'"
28 June 1971
Dear Congressman Eilberg:
~
.
Thank you for your courtesy in sending me a copy of the letter dated June 15 which you received from J. Edgar Hoover . I appreciate very much your following up on my letter to you about my statement on FBI activities on this campus and elsewhere, and I suspect you share some of my despondency at the intransigent tone of Mr. Hoover 's, reply . Do you have any suggestions about further steps I might take? I have received a generally strong letter of support from our colleague in the academic community, a somewhat hostile one from Congressman Wi lliams, and a neu~ tral one from Senator Scott. I have no predilection for laboring at hopeless causes, but I am stubborn enough , when I think I am right - as I do here - to ~ exp lore every avenue that may be suggested that might lead to a more benign situation than I am afraid now exists . Any advice that you could give me would be most appreciated . With all best wishes, Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross , President The Honorable Joshu~ Eilberg Congress of the United States House of Representatives Was hington, D. C. 20515
�~ ((ongrt~S
~ouse
of tl)t 'I1nittb
~. (t.
~tattS
of l\epresentatibes
Ulassbington.
June 17, 1971
Dear Dr. Cross:
FROM ,
JOS,HUA EILBERG
�." ,
~D
N
HOOV ER DIRECTOR
~GAR
Federal Bureau of Investigation United States Department of Justice Washington, D. C.
"f'\
June 15, 1911
H onorable Joshua Eilberg House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515
M dear Congressman: y
I have received your let.ter of June lOth eon... cerning a communication from President Cross of Swarthntore College.
It is certainly regrettable that Dr. Cross has chosen to make such a $weepinq indiatinent. of the PSI and its activities. The FBI has not sought to determine politieal beliefs of students and teaehers G he charges; however, legitimate inquiry by this Bureau into the activities of t.hose who advocate ana:rohy, revolution or other acts in violation of Federal law is a proper function of the Fin and we would be derelict in our duty if we did not investigate such matters. The fact that the persons involved fOX'lllulate their plans or carryon their 8,ctivltieson a. college oampus should not, per se, grant them freedom to flaunt the law. FSI invest.igations are not intended to, and should not, intimidate others merely because they espouse an unpopular or controversial policy. I must also point out. tbat the FBI, as a Bureau within the Department of JUstice, conte$ under the supervision and control of the Attorney General. Additional~y, our duties and responsibilities are olearly defined by legislation enacted by the Congress or by Executive Order of the President • All of our investigations. are conducted within the guidelines of,nd in accordance with, directives of the Oepartment. We do not oonduot investigations
�Honorable Joshua Eilberg
on the basis of whim or fancy, but only for let;Iitimate authorized purposes and will continue to do so as long as I am the Director of this Bureau. Should the fulfillment of our responsibilities require that. we conduct investigation on any college campus r we shall do SQ wit.hout apology to anyone and with full respect. for the freedom of the academic community. Legislative ~ction or administrative fiat to limit the seope of our inquiries in tbemanner sU9'gested by Dr. Cross would not serve the best interests of the country, but would permit those who conspire against our Nation, to hide bebind a smokescreen of rhetoric.
Sincerely yours,
J . Edgar HooveJ!
- 2 -
�
'"
28 June 1971
Dear Congressman Eilberg:
~
.
Thank you for your courtesy in sending me a copy of the letter dated June 15 which you received from J. Edgar Hoover . I appreciate very much your following up on my letter to you about my statement on FBI activities on this campus and elsewhere, and I suspect you share some of my despondency at the intransigent tone of Mr. Hoover 's, reply . Do you have any suggestions about further steps I might take? I have received a generally strong letter of support from our colleague in the academic community, a somewhat hostile one from Congressman Wi lliams, and a neu~ tral one from Senator Scott. I have no predilection for laboring at hopeless causes, but I am stubborn enough , when I think I am right - as I do here - to ~ exp lore every avenue that may be suggested that might lead to a more benign situation than I am afraid now exists . Any advice that you could give me would be most appreciated . With all best wishes, Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross , President The Honorable Joshu~ Eilberg Congress of the United States House of Representatives Was hington, D. C. 20515
�~ ((ongrt~S
~ouse
of tl)t 'I1nittb
~. (t.
~tattS
of l\epresentatibes
Ulassbington.
June 17, 1971
Dear Dr. Cross:
FROM ,
JOS,HUA EILBERG
�." ,
~D
N
HOOV ER DIRECTOR
~GAR
Federal Bureau of Investigation United States Department of Justice Washington, D. C.
"f'\
June 15, 1911
H onorable Joshua Eilberg House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515
M dear Congressman: y
I have received your let.ter of June lOth eon... cerning a communication from President Cross of Swarthntore College.
It is certainly regrettable that Dr. Cross has chosen to make such a $weepinq indiatinent. of the PSI and its activities. The FBI has not sought to determine politieal beliefs of students and teaehers G he charges; however, legitimate inquiry by this Bureau into the activities of t.hose who advocate ana:rohy, revolution or other acts in violation of Federal law is a proper function of the Fin and we would be derelict in our duty if we did not investigate such matters. The fact that the persons involved fOX'lllulate their plans or carryon their 8,ctivltieson a. college oampus should not, per se, grant them freedom to flaunt the law. FSI invest.igations are not intended to, and should not, intimidate others merely because they espouse an unpopular or controversial policy. I must also point out. tbat the FBI, as a Bureau within the Department of JUstice, conte$ under the supervision and control of the Attorney General. Additional~y, our duties and responsibilities are olearly defined by legislation enacted by the Congress or by Executive Order of the President • All of our investigations. are conducted within the guidelines of,nd in accordance with, directives of the Oepartment. We do not oonduot investigations
�Honorable Joshua Eilberg
on the basis of whim or fancy, but only for let;Iitimate authorized purposes and will continue to do so as long as I am the Director of this Bureau. Should the fulfillment of our responsibilities require that. we conduct investigation on any college campus r we shall do SQ wit.hout apology to anyone and with full respect. for the freedom of the academic community. Legislative ~ction or administrative fiat to limit the seope of our inquiries in tbemanner sU9'gested by Dr. Cross would not serve the best interests of the country, but would permit those who conspire against our Nation, to hide bebind a smokescreen of rhetoric.
Sincerely yours,
J . Edgar HooveJ!
- 2 -
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Correspondence between Robert Cross, Congressman Eilberg, and J. Edgar Hoover, 06/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Joshua Eilberg
J. Edgar Hoover
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/28/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/8fbf6494624654ddfd3d1c833e9c28d6.jpg
cf268a238da2c8b1ed5a32eea3578c61
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Board of Managers statement 04/03/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Board of Managers
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/03/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Board of Managers
FBI
-
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49b87049f2d67dc4242f47fe4cd76cd0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Narratives of Black Student Protest at Swarthmore College
Description
An account of the resource
A set of accounts detailing the events of 1969.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Swarthmore College: An Informal History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Richard Walton
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1986
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
1969 sit-in
Black admissions
Black Cultural Center
Courtney Smith's death
Faculty
FBI
Frederick Hargadon
President's Office
SASS
-
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362546b5cd374b24390fc0e5d3922a01
PDF Text
Text
��
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Friends Historical Library General Reference Files
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Professor Unsurprised by FBI Surveillance
Description
An account of the resource
Black Students: African American/Black Studies
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Paul Levy
Kitsi Burkhart
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Philadelphia Bulletin
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
03/21/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Faculty
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/519ecf6374b749bb3a22b45ef026326e.jpg
579f9e17cab9f89023742684461e3259
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Friends Historical Library General Reference Files
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Open letter from Robert Cross 03/29/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Black Students: African American/Black Studies
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
03/29/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/1f1223bbfac50ad70ba7f597c028de5e.pdf
6e2e4deef4b1ce51b1ab9f733f6c2d47
PDF Text
Text
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
Swarthmore, Pe.nnsyl vania Office of the President
8 April 1971
To all msmbers of the College community: I had assumed that all of us recognized what constituted proper relations with those individuals and agencies, public and private, off-campus and on-campus, with whom members of the College community come in contact. It is unreasonable to assume that there ..fill be no contact; the College cannot try to be a secret society, and it wouldbe as impossible, as,~ it""w6uld be unwise to try, to enforce such an expectation. We cannot presume that members of the community will remain on all occasions silent about the college life they are a part of. The College needs to be in contact with the "outside world" on such diverse matters as the certification of student enrollment and achievement, the availability of fire and police protection, the visits of scholars from other institutions, and the presence' df neighbors and friends at social, cultural, educational, and athletic etents, etc'. But all of us must recognize that at times we have access to information about individuals and groups at the College because we are specially privileged to be members of the College community. We all have an obligation to be responsible and discreet about how we communicate this information. The recent publication of a spate of documents allegedly stolen from the FBI suggests the possibility that some individuals have gone beyond the limits of reasonable cooperation, by supplying information which is especially privileged - private to individuals or the College. For the past week, I have been investigating every allegation that has been published, 'phoned in, or shown to me or my associates that implied that persons in this community - students, faculty, members of the staff - have given out information that was confidential. I have refrained from acting on the basis of anonymous information, and I have avoided, and will continue to avoid, any use of surreptitious ini'ormants, eavesdropping, or any other kind of one-sided surveillance. I donlt believe that a college can remain a college and indulge in such activities. I have not yet found any conclusive evidence that any lnember of the College community has been guilty of wrong-doing in this respect. Yet I feel obliged to make perfectly clear to all members of this community that they must exercise intelligent restraint in divulging information, except that required by law or by college policy and practice, to any individuals, public or private, outside the community. Not to heed this injunction is to put in jeopardy one's right to further participation in the community. Where doubt exists about the propriety of communicating information (however obtained) about the community to individuals or agencies outside the community, the individual should consult in advance with an appropriate officer of the College. I may add that I have made vigorous representations to public authorities federal, state, and local - protesting alleged invasions of the proper autonomies of the College community. Our major recourse must be, however, to the self-discipline exercised by each of us.
�I am also deslgnating -a- comm~~t~e~ made up of faculty, students and-members of the administration, to advise me:= IncXuded~re__~. Mark Breibart; Mr. Lewis Cook; Mr. Frederick Pryor; Miss Dorothy Robinson; Mr. 1)a-Viu -Smith-;Mr. Jerome Wood. Its major responsibilities will be two-fold: to cope with the present situation, alleviating in every way possible harm unjustly done to the reputation of those given notoriety in the documents. Secondly, I hope it will help formulate guidelines that will be as explicit as possible about safeguarding of confidential information. I must make two points explicit. This group "nIl not constitute a court, but rather a committee or commission - a kind of collective ombudsman for the College community. Second, I must reserve the responsibility and obligation for action which would be called for, or be implicit, in the recommendations of this committee. Robert D. Cross
�
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
Swarthmore, Pe.nnsyl vania Office of the President
8 April 1971
To all msmbers of the College community: I had assumed that all of us recognized what constituted proper relations with those individuals and agencies, public and private, off-campus and on-campus, with whom members of the College community come in contact. It is unreasonable to assume that there ..fill be no contact; the College cannot try to be a secret society, and it wouldbe as impossible, as,~ it""w6uld be unwise to try, to enforce such an expectation. We cannot presume that members of the community will remain on all occasions silent about the college life they are a part of. The College needs to be in contact with the "outside world" on such diverse matters as the certification of student enrollment and achievement, the availability of fire and police protection, the visits of scholars from other institutions, and the presence' df neighbors and friends at social, cultural, educational, and athletic etents, etc'. But all of us must recognize that at times we have access to information about individuals and groups at the College because we are specially privileged to be members of the College community. We all have an obligation to be responsible and discreet about how we communicate this information. The recent publication of a spate of documents allegedly stolen from the FBI suggests the possibility that some individuals have gone beyond the limits of reasonable cooperation, by supplying information which is especially privileged - private to individuals or the College. For the past week, I have been investigating every allegation that has been published, 'phoned in, or shown to me or my associates that implied that persons in this community - students, faculty, members of the staff - have given out information that was confidential. I have refrained from acting on the basis of anonymous information, and I have avoided, and will continue to avoid, any use of surreptitious ini'ormants, eavesdropping, or any other kind of one-sided surveillance. I donlt believe that a college can remain a college and indulge in such activities. I have not yet found any conclusive evidence that any lnember of the College community has been guilty of wrong-doing in this respect. Yet I feel obliged to make perfectly clear to all members of this community that they must exercise intelligent restraint in divulging information, except that required by law or by college policy and practice, to any individuals, public or private, outside the community. Not to heed this injunction is to put in jeopardy one's right to further participation in the community. Where doubt exists about the propriety of communicating information (however obtained) about the community to individuals or agencies outside the community, the individual should consult in advance with an appropriate officer of the College. I may add that I have made vigorous representations to public authorities federal, state, and local - protesting alleged invasions of the proper autonomies of the College community. Our major recourse must be, however, to the self-discipline exercised by each of us.
�I am also deslgnating -a- comm~~t~e~ made up of faculty, students and-members of the administration, to advise me:= IncXuded~re__~. Mark Breibart; Mr. Lewis Cook; Mr. Frederick Pryor; Miss Dorothy Robinson; Mr. 1)a-Viu -Smith-;Mr. Jerome Wood. Its major responsibilities will be two-fold: to cope with the present situation, alleviating in every way possible harm unjustly done to the reputation of those given notoriety in the documents. Secondly, I hope it will help formulate guidelines that will be as explicit as possible about safeguarding of confidential information. I must make two points explicit. This group "nIl not constitute a court, but rather a committee or commission - a kind of collective ombudsman for the College community. Second, I must reserve the responsibility and obligation for action which would be called for, or be implicit, in the recommendations of this committee. Robert D. Cross
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Friends Historical Library General Reference Files
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Open Letter from Robert Cross, 04/08/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Black Students: African American/Black Studies
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/08/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/14c537852b7d0edc099285866995bc39.pdf
58a9a17ab0a90a51f86fac4032b71ffc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI Records Reveal Widespread Surveillance of Students, Citizens
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Chris Lowery
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/02/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/6718d36d0f30355e147ff4e58c49848f.jpg
dca5112e8257394e393fe373d950f3ed
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI Papers Incriminate...
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Martha Shirk
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/02/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
Faculty
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/a48594bba6bc739b72bbfcd3e88921f1.jpg
3c0ba3f5be91a2928365d6dbb93d2bb3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI Papers Incriminate...
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Martha Shirk
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/02/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
Faculty
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/5e29fae47def643312c351725ac527f9.jpg
91b28d2e522fd53a0c31717f45648889
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI Files Reveal Investigation Of LS, Black Student Activists
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Martha Shirk
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/09/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/5f9784b3ac36fd56c94ebc7703621006.pdf
b54326c610d84c4d57019a7715f3e2af
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI Documents Contain Data on Radicals, SASS Sit-in
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Peter Gould
Martha Shirk
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/23/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
1969 sit-in
FBI
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/29e9c493a442751723beed918a937702.pdf
837bffddc76d28fe24c75080890fd09d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
FBI 'Discreetly' Eyes Coed, SASS
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
Peter Gould
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/02/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
FBI
SASS
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/a39bcfce93781a6e9c570e9b13a7ce36.jpg
1248088d02ebd7544ca1b9ecf7c43e24
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Cottingham Initiates Suit Against FBI; ACLU to Support Proposed Litigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Peter
Gould
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
05/04/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpg
Faculty
FBI
SASS
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/21319c0b6a90b5b53762abda78860f71.pdf
610d382bcdf8332f27589032c790e45d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Phoenix
Description
An account of the resource
Clippings from The Phoenix, the student newspaper of Swarthmore College, from the fall of 1968 to the fall of 1973. The newspaper was at that time a bi-weekly publication with the exception of a special supplement on rare occasions such as during the 1969 sit-in which were on a daily basis. Articles mostly, but not exclusively, pertain to events and issues on campus.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a title="Swarthmore Phoenix" href="http://triptych.brynmawr.edu/cdm/search/collection/SC_Phoenix2" target="_blank">Triptych Tri-College Digital Library, Swarthmore Phoenix Collection</a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Conservatives Justify FBI Surveillance, Accuse Phoenix Editorial Policy of Bias
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Phoenix
William Gatens
James Taylor
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Swarthmore College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/13/1971
FBI