8 20 962 http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/cafd1ea76af9573e90cea4c017ee49c5.pdf 822dc5aabe200c6f00c8c897eaba1047 PDF Text Text � � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Delaware County Daily Times Description An account of the resource A daily newspaper with headquarters in Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The articles, editorials and announcements included here were published between September 1968 and December 1972. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived McCabe Library Microfilm Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Daily Times Community Clock, Friday, Media Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Delaware County Daily Times Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .pdf Media Fellowship House Robert Woodson http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/082f2b53f4955b3a98c289265d777ef6.pdf 13a3e22e1ea45e921c5682b951457fb1 PDF Text Text � � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Delaware County Daily Times Description An account of the resource A daily newspaper with headquarters in Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The articles, editorials and announcements included here were published between September 1968 and December 1972. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived McCabe Library Microfilm Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welfare to be topic at Media Fellowship Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Delaware County Daily Times Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .pdf Media Fellowship House Robert Woodson http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/48edf276449dd13c23870f5ed6f3b982.pdf bda562c1a8e24438bfca8d9ae13d94e0 PDF Text Text /~ 502 Woodland Terrace Philadelphia, Pennsylvania January 9, 1969 To the Faculty and AChninistration of Slvarthmore College: Since everyone in the vicinity, from. Fa1 to Lincoln students, has seen fit to express himsel~ on Swarthmore's "racist admissions l)olicy," I see no reason why a selfrespecting black alumnus should not add his opinion. I consider myself relatively competent in the matter, as I have been close~ associated. with ~varthmore, both the student bod;y- and the college, thrcugh various friends and in various positions since my graduation in 1966 . I was one of two black alumni who attended the first meeting of the Admissions Committee with the black students, when SASS walked out. I have waited to speak because I wanted to see just hO't1 far this matter would be taken. HOlv is no longer the time for silence. First of all, I have enclosed a letter sent by SASS to a small, select group of "Negro" stUdents l-.Tho do not affiliate themselves with SASS. It is well worth reading, for it proves that SASS's position is not so monolithic or all-encompassing as might be believed. More important, it exarrplifies the pressures exerted on the black stUdent to conform to SASS's ideas for the sake of black unity. Under such circmnstances, is a decent education -- which must baSically be an individual affair -- possible for the black stUdent '? SASS must be recognized for what it is -- a group of dissatisfied, insecure, and egoistic black students aj:.tempting exactly what their letter says they are not, a power play for notoriety. I ivould assert that this uhole matter of black admissions policy could have been solved peacefully, reasonab~, and much faster had SASS not made its grandstand play. The suggestions made in the original meeting by those blacks who stayed and in the Harg~don report are basically no different than the SASS report except for tone and the lack of demand that Dean Hargadon be relieved of his duties. Action was advancing then, and in a much less emotion-charged atmosphere. Considering this, t.he only conceivable reason SASS could have had for their subs8quent moves was to blow the matter up so that they could t ake credit in a public fashion for the progress made in black admissions policy. With regard to the substance and ideology of admissions pOlicy, I think that SASS's self-centered am bitions become even more evident in thei r proposals for ad~itting relatively large numbers of "risk" studonts merely because they are black. The admissi on of a :::::J.demically unqualified students �- 2 - would demonstrate a singular lack of regard for the welfare of the incoming "risk Ii student. If SASS were less myopic, they would see it would be better for the welfare of the black man were he able to secure an education at an institution commensurate with his abilities. That is the critical matter, not that a certain number of high r~sk students be admitted to a particular institution (e.g., Swarthmore). It is difficult enough for most qualified students to get through Swarthmore. Imagine the problems for a risk student, particularly a black student. The chances that he will succeed academically are slight, and there is no other real measure of success at ~varthmore. This student becomes dissatisfied, immediately a prey for SASS, which feeds on the dissatisfaction of those who are having either academic or social problems and blows them up into matters of lIracism ll and lldiscrimination." This is not to say that racism and discrimination never occur, but that SASS bandies about these terms so much as to make them meaningless. In the end, Swarthmore will have a black ghetto; an incipient one exists now. Is this educational, for black or white? There is also the question of Swarthmore's standards. SA~S simultaneously says that the standards should be disregarded fo:r black student, yet that Swarthmore's high standards make it a potential training ground for black leaders and scholars. Granted that the college could lower its educational standards for blacks; yet I would ask why. There are black nonrisk students capable of making the grade here. The untapped areas where they live have already been suggested to the Admissions Committee. There are thousands of colleges and universities, both black and integrated, which are open to those .-rho do not measure up to SWarthmore's standards. Swarthmore's main attraction is its high intellectual and academic standard; lower this and it has little to differentiate it from a number of small., coeducational colleges. Ideologically, SASS openly says it is separatist. !\Tor does it hide its condemnation of those who believe in the Illiberal" integrationist ethic as the viable solution to America's race problem. No one definitively knows what the welfare of the black man is, much less how to achieve it. And this is the advantage of a liberal society -- it is open to many different approaches, and able to choose one or a number of them. The radicals, black or \vhite, feel that only their approach is the correct and virtuous one. You, the faculty and administration, are white and thus in a tenuous posi tj_on. It would be most tempting to say that SASS knows what is right for the black man because they are black and vocal. Yet the separatism advocated by SASS is not viable. The black man cannot exist in the long or short run in separate islands surrounded by a white sea. Integration will take longer, but is ultimately probably the only viable solution to America's racial problems. �"tl o \ ~~l [1 ~'") ~r ' ~""c1 L .... ' r:~I L ·-G , . J __ +0' u - r:C:'U 1C:;~ .J ~ .J J~; c . -'';' . " ~C"'C'- '_ ~"""C'~ J. loO Ci.~cl C! ).J.:}o --!O l .... 1 "'-~Jr~ r. .. -"-"'lc. I... ...... . ! :' (·:-[Jl ~J , J.! . J. L., 1' ", • u r c:.. co:cElOn T.' 1 :: C8 "'... tC1D. t .:.; J ~',UC C2: : S __ .. VOU1" •• :.-- 'C·". ~ l l"l' D <:-·C 0 ·".,c· (:', ....... I ~ ... ,J ,,- • incl-cc:,~')c;;; one 1 S cu(J['S.cJ s~:ce . '.0 - - _.';,, '. "v l.-c"~ o"cc .""C, ...c:· 0 r~::: J..... ... ;'I ) '. } L ' 1. ....., ... u v '·'nl) c .. y ;:..,..!.. . • c: . . . . ~ __ .) • _ .' L",,_ .... ... Thu:,; , i.!_ ...,,\, c;'" r r r~[, r_,p .... .... _ .r '-" YOU l ' P ,;l"' t to furthe:c '[ ,1::: c1: IJ::·icl.8 cl(Jc] b e a:\i ol]"" tic VF.t ~;UCCe~jfJ :i.n 2: L;r·Sl) ~_ t. ro C' <, C v",-,u pl"'O :JC (:~2.• It C' l.J s~-:ol) lc1 2~ o c: ls , JUl , '" 8,1~,o ,- '" ', ', "" ' 6 :'-<. J' _,~,--;lOJ tj. 11U,ecl ." l ' e c· 'l" i 0"" h ~ r, .! ........ c. c1h.c Y'· cn c e to tt~ 2~-;2 b8J.~ ef· S U· c i 'n ~ " 0 ..... '~l' t....) , _ • -~c. of'· t hi:' \-,ron..:: cd'·l' 0 " " '" "1 ' -'/'., - ,. r, E: v v _, 0 . 0 , c..[_ CO \",' J.:-l. bt.' Yo' r-, ":C., oj,'" C 0 I' ....', J suc- 2 .1 10 r ~~(=: t~! l O ·~B e If you 1 s t the j, n HarS~don tr~:~f.', it. bc ~:no'\'m tll ~, t you r j,r:t Crl t. is to L:p1er::ent report , and that SASS 1 s p r essures hsve meant nottin3 you 'I n.ll h evs don<:' t\;O e.Ll~~_ j.n i stl~c.tto~ j i ~'T ls :: ,Ci~tE:.tio'C!. , 2~-\ tLi.~ss . ',:L Oll t·:~ ·s ~, ~ '.-.' ill \·!j.s·~ r1c.l\r e ._ SL!. o":;·;n t. L t, 'lG. 2.C t,. • ~ "oJ ...... " :f:'D.CUJ.t,y G.:"! :.:-: ~r(J:~; n" loJ • ... you h(:; cJ c· ') ~) lo I do ~~~ -'GO ~ ....... ,b 1 l) u :__ ~ (l n T ~ C ", -', V ictC E:'. f.) l} Ust '~Je SeconcJ J.y, 0 " C' c, .J.... n ". 'I "" • .. .'...... \':111 '-' C C -, ...... 1" 1 • .,' . _ ("") :;:\r6 ''J . "J C" . _ "n' l ShO ·l'!(J. -'I r. '; "" •1 i .... 1. _ - '-, ~J ..1. . S . .··~S· .:) t rl::~ t <:. n"' V V -L[18j.r _ . ..... L'(_A. '; ' ' ,0 __ C 1 ' ...... J ' ~,t,~ =-~~[~. ~: .:; .", "' ........'... .'"... I "" -r" \! j~ se o ~-: e r1 to U1 1~.:· r· Ss::: ur· :;cl} r· [; [;.;:-: Ot1 s:1 ce l)e,t, 8 to tr ~<Ly, You r's �SASS Swarthmore Afro-American Students' Society Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081 January 8, 1968 Dear Brothers and Sisters, SASS is very desirous of showing a close black unity in this operation. To insure the greatest possible effectiveness in this action, there are a few important points upon which we must ask your cooperation: first, that there be no individual conversation with the press - all press should be referred to the SASS chairman, Clinton Etheridge. It would also be unwise to engage in spec- ulation with other students, faculty, or administration concerning SASS's possible future plans of action, since this would probably lead to greater confusion in the college community at large. In carrying through this action, SASS is trying to make a gain for black people, not a power play for notoriety. You may not agree with our radical methods, but you must admit the progress we as a black students' group have made, e.g., recent faculty meeting. This progress has been made as a unified group and any further progress must also be accomplished through black unity. SASS is not asking for your participation in this action, only that you not harm the operation ina.dvertently. Sincerely, Swarthmore Afro -American Students Society THIS IS THE LE'f'l'ER WHICH WAS ENCIDSED TO THE FACULTY AND ADMINISTRATION FROM JOHN H. MORROW, JR. � /~ 502 Woodland Terrace Philadelphia, Pennsylvania January 9, 1969 To the Faculty and AChninistration of Slvarthmore College: Since everyone in the vicinity, from. Fa1 to Lincoln students, has seen fit to express himsel~ on Swarthmore's "racist admissions l)olicy," I see no reason why a selfrespecting black alumnus should not add his opinion. I consider myself relatively competent in the matter, as I have been close~ associated. with ~varthmore, both the student bod;y- and the college, thrcugh various friends and in various positions since my graduation in 1966 . I was one of two black alumni who attended the first meeting of the Admissions Committee with the black students, when SASS walked out. I have waited to speak because I wanted to see just hO't1 far this matter would be taken. HOlv is no longer the time for silence. First of all, I have enclosed a letter sent by SASS to a small, select group of "Negro" stUdents l-.Tho do not affiliate themselves with SASS. It is well worth reading, for it proves that SASS's position is not so monolithic or all-encompassing as might be believed. More important, it exarrplifies the pressures exerted on the black stUdent to conform to SASS's ideas for the sake of black unity. Under such circmnstances, is a decent education -- which must baSically be an individual affair -- possible for the black stUdent '? SASS must be recognized for what it is -- a group of dissatisfied, insecure, and egoistic black students aj:.tempting exactly what their letter says they are not, a power play for notoriety. I ivould assert that this uhole matter of black admissions policy could have been solved peacefully, reasonab~, and much faster had SASS not made its grandstand play. The suggestions made in the original meeting by those blacks who stayed and in the Harg~don report are basically no different than the SASS report except for tone and the lack of demand that Dean Hargadon be relieved of his duties. Action was advancing then, and in a much less emotion-charged atmosphere. Considering this, t.he only conceivable reason SASS could have had for their subs8quent moves was to blow the matter up so that they could t ake credit in a public fashion for the progress made in black admissions policy. With regard to the substance and ideology of admissions pOlicy, I think that SASS's self-centered am bitions become even more evident in thei r proposals for ad~itting relatively large numbers of "risk" studonts merely because they are black. The admissi on of a :::::J.demically unqualified students �- 2 - would demonstrate a singular lack of regard for the welfare of the incoming "risk Ii student. If SASS were less myopic, they would see it would be better for the welfare of the black man were he able to secure an education at an institution commensurate with his abilities. That is the critical matter, not that a certain number of high r~sk students be admitted to a particular institution (e.g., Swarthmore). It is difficult enough for most qualified students to get through Swarthmore. Imagine the problems for a risk student, particularly a black student. The chances that he will succeed academically are slight, and there is no other real measure of success at ~varthmore. This student becomes dissatisfied, immediately a prey for SASS, which feeds on the dissatisfaction of those who are having either academic or social problems and blows them up into matters of lIracism ll and lldiscrimination." This is not to say that racism and discrimination never occur, but that SASS bandies about these terms so much as to make them meaningless. In the end, Swarthmore will have a black ghetto; an incipient one exists now. Is this educational, for black or white? There is also the question of Swarthmore's standards. SA~S simultaneously says that the standards should be disregarded fo:r black student, yet that Swarthmore's high standards make it a potential training ground for black leaders and scholars. Granted that the college could lower its educational standards for blacks; yet I would ask why. There are black nonrisk students capable of making the grade here. The untapped areas where they live have already been suggested to the Admissions Committee. There are thousands of colleges and universities, both black and integrated, which are open to those .-rho do not measure up to SWarthmore's standards. Swarthmore's main attraction is its high intellectual and academic standard; lower this and it has little to differentiate it from a number of small., coeducational colleges. Ideologically, SASS openly says it is separatist. !\Tor does it hide its condemnation of those who believe in the Illiberal" integrationist ethic as the viable solution to America's race problem. No one definitively knows what the welfare of the black man is, much less how to achieve it. And this is the advantage of a liberal society -- it is open to many different approaches, and able to choose one or a number of them. The radicals, black or \vhite, feel that only their approach is the correct and virtuous one. You, the faculty and administration, are white and thus in a tenuous posi tj_on. It would be most tempting to say that SASS knows what is right for the black man because they are black and vocal. Yet the separatism advocated by SASS is not viable. The black man cannot exist in the long or short run in separate islands surrounded by a white sea. Integration will take longer, but is ultimately probably the only viable solution to America's racial problems. �"tl o \ ~~l [1 ~'") ~r ' ~""c1 L .... ' r:~I L ·-G , . J __ +0' u - r:C:'U 1C:;~ .J ~ .J J~; c . -'';' . " ~C"'C'- '_ ~"""C'~ J. loO Ci.~cl C! ).J.:}o --!O l .... 1 "'-~Jr~ r. .. -"-"'lc. I... ...... . ! :' (·:-[Jl ~J , J.! . J. L., 1' ", • u r c:.. co:cElOn T.' 1 :: C8 "'... tC1D. t .:.; J ~',UC C2: : S __ .. VOU1" •• :.-- 'C·". ~ l l"l' D <:-·C 0 ·".,c· (:', ....... I ~ ... ,J ,,- • incl-cc:,~')c;;; one 1 S cu(J['S.cJ s~:ce . '.0 - - _.';,, '. "v l.-c"~ o"cc .""C, ...c:· 0 r~::: J..... ... ;'I ) '. } L ' 1. ....., ... u v '·'nl) c .. y ;:..,..!.. . • c: . . . . ~ __ .) • _ .' L",,_ .... ... Thu:,; , i.!_ ...,,\, c;'" r r r~[, r_,p .... .... _ .r '-" YOU l ' P ,;l"' t to furthe:c '[ ,1::: c1: IJ::·icl.8 cl(Jc] b e a:\i ol]"" tic VF.t ~;UCCe~jfJ :i.n 2: L;r·Sl) ~_ t. ro C' <, C v",-,u pl"'O :JC (:~2.• It C' l.J s~-:ol) lc1 2~ o c: ls , JUl , '" 8,1~,o ,- '" ', ', "" ' 6 :'-<. J' _,~,--;lOJ tj. 11U,ecl ." l ' e c· 'l" i 0"" h ~ r, .! ........ c. c1h.c Y'· cn c e to tt~ 2~-;2 b8J.~ ef· S U· c i 'n ~ " 0 ..... '~l' t....) , _ • -~c. of'· t hi:' \-,ron..:: cd'·l' 0 " " '" "1 ' -'/'., - ,. r, E: v v _, 0 . 0 , c..[_ CO \",' J.:-l. bt.' Yo' r-, ":C., oj,'" C 0 I' ....', J suc- 2 .1 10 r ~~(=: t~! l O ·~B e If you 1 s t the j, n HarS~don tr~:~f.', it. bc ~:no'\'m tll ~, t you r j,r:t Crl t. is to L:p1er::ent report , and that SASS 1 s p r essures hsve meant nottin3 you 'I n.ll h evs don<:' t\;O e.Ll~~_ j.n i stl~c.tto~ j i ~'T ls :: ,Ci~tE:.tio'C!. , 2~-\ tLi.~ss . ',:L Oll t·:~ ·s ~, ~ '.-.' ill \·!j.s·~ r1c.l\r e ._ SL!. o":;·;n t. L t, 'lG. 2.C t,. • ~ "oJ ...... " :f:'D.CUJ.t,y G.:"! :.:-: ~r(J:~; n" loJ • ... you h(:; cJ c· ') ~) lo I do ~~~ -'GO ~ ....... ,b 1 l) u :__ ~ (l n T ~ C ", -', V ictC E:'. f.) l} Ust '~Je SeconcJ J.y, 0 " C' c, .J.... n ". 'I "" • .. .'...... \':111 '-' C C -, ...... 1" 1 • .,' . _ ("") :;:\r6 ''J . "J C" . _ "n' l ShO ·l'!(J. -'I r. '; "" •1 i .... 1. _ - '-, ~J ..1. . S . .··~S· .:) t rl::~ t <:. n"' V V -L[18j.r _ . ..... L'(_A. '; ' ' ,0 __ C 1 ' ...... J ' ~,t,~ =-~~[~. ~: .:; .", "' ........'... .'"... I "" -r" \! j~ se o ~-: e r1 to U1 1~.:· r· Ss::: ur· :;cl} r· [; [;.;:-: Ot1 s:1 ce l)e,t, 8 to tr ~<Ly, You r's �SASS Swarthmore Afro-American Students' Society Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081 January 8, 1968 Dear Brothers and Sisters, SASS is very desirous of showing a close black unity in this operation. To insure the greatest possible effectiveness in this action, there are a few important points upon which we must ask your cooperation: first, that there be no individual conversation with the press - all press should be referred to the SASS chairman, Clinton Etheridge. It would also be unwise to engage in spec- ulation with other students, faculty, or administration concerning SASS's possible future plans of action, since this would probably lead to greater confusion in the college community at large. In carrying through this action, SASS is trying to make a gain for black people, not a power play for notoriety. You may not agree with our radical methods, but you must admit the progress we as a black students' group have made, e.g., recent faculty meeting. This progress has been made as a unified group and any further progress must also be accomplished through black unity. SASS is not asking for your participation in this action, only that you not harm the operation ina.dvertently. Sincerely, Swarthmore Afro -American Students Society THIS IS THE LE'f'l'ER WHICH WAS ENCIDSED TO THE FACULTY AND ADMINISTRATION FROM JOHN H. MORROW, JR. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Courtney Smith Papers Description An account of the resource Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Courtney Smith's time there. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Letter from John Morrow] Description An account of the resource Box 67, SASS 1968-January 1969 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Morrow Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF 1969 sit-in Black admissions John Morrow SASS http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/df75c8501bc3bdab26504fc40a3ccf0d.jpg 938eab5a1819595ad9e8cf7cc2c5937f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Courtney Smith Papers Description An account of the resource Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Courtney Smith's time there. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource SASS' Statement, 01/09/1969 Description An account of the resource Box 67, SASS 1968-January 1969 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Swarthmore Afro-American Students' Society Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG 1969 sit-in Black admissions SASS http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/2c716430aba0787ff69c4e927dd83d91.jpg 9423dc5035b3a905b2c1c711310685f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Courtney Smith Papers Description An account of the resource Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Courtney Smith's time there. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Joseph Shane's Statement, 01/09/1969] Description An account of the resource Box 67, SASS 1968-January 1969 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joseph Shane Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG 1969 sit-in Black admissions Faculty President's Office SASS http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/c06046287858e6f67001c4e316910b47.pdf c4a65e9be748d7c6c18c8c3a733a4fc0 PDF Text Text S WAR TH MORE COLLEGE SWA R TH MORE , PENNSYLVANIA 1908 1 I J l OFFICE OF THE PRES i dENT 9 January 19 69 r:po Members of th.e Board of Managers : I enclose for your information the following it ems : 1 . A l etter from six faculty members sent t6 their c olleagues, and l a t er to all students , dated J anuary 31"d. 2. Gil Stott ' s memorandum, given to the pr esident of Stu dent Council and a few others, r eporting bri efly on my meeting with SASS on J anuary 6th. 3. A mailin g to the Coll ege community fro m Student Council on January 6th. ". ~_ . A mailing to the Co llege commun ity by 26 students on January 7th. 5. A mailing , f1 \{hy liJe Canlt l'V'ait ,f1 sent by SASS to a ll memb e rs of th e College community on January 8th. 6. A summary, prepared by David Cowden as Secretary of th e Faculty, of the faculty meeting h e ld on J anuary 7th . 7. A mailing sent from Student Counci l to the College c ommunity on Janu ary 8th. Cou rtney Smith Also enclosed is a communication dated January 9th just received from SASS . �SASS S U '([ i :/ l li,'i Or ,' . 1ji'()- Amr;'lc(fi? SiI{(/(II r/ ~" I.... . ')(-/:I'"!-,. ) ~1_ Yl (": ~~ (; :::. 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I.~~~.-~.("~"2~~~~: ~~:;~~~ :iil:-· (; j-' ,~~'~ ·;... .~:: Oi.l .q],J i~.:~ L1-) "S-.r '~"',-·5 r~-tC r)} '~!l:':~ th::-~~:.-·(; ~'.i :Ll1 1(.; ',J~j}s J :1. ,~~ l ie f():!."' c:' ~.:~· ·)C cl j :::.~ (' CJ r·; l·. ."i. (~.:_~ :~ : )~00 t l f t:. 1 '~ c.: C C) ~t L1~c J t:. f.': C ~ ::.~ l "1) ~~.}i]. C .~.; ~:; t~) "_ ' !'1 ~' ~ t - \' S L-'i ; . ~S I r !'··!.~: ,~:j~~!.;:r! ~I .;: t' J"'() .:", ~~"·: ;. -· ·~ IS:,.' __ , ' L~: ·IC; ~C '2 h ( ' I':: -/~ . r;~:.'\ .~! C~ :::; 1 ~; t,l ) -d f? rl ·::.~~~ :3~- '<: :.: . ::~ t,y f(>';' O~ ).}: · :) ·:~' p~C ~~) '.:-n. ] ( �Swarthmore College Swart.hmore, Pennsylvania January 3, 1968 To our fellow faculty members: The following memorandtUll is offered in the hope of contributing to a constructive response to the SASS ultimattUll, though SASS's demands are presented in terms that are incompatible with acceptable procedures. The ~~~ptory style of the SASS proposals should not obscure either the real merits of some of them or the necessity of giving careful and tholl6ht,ful, consideration to the important issues of College policy which they raise . It is regrettable that the SASS leaders have acted (while the College is on vacation) as though the President of Swarthmore College is in a position--or would be willing-to make these decisions by himself. It is also regrettable that SASS has resorted to vilification and even to threats as the means of gaining its ends; and that SASS has made no effort to call its concerns directly to the attention of the whole faculty, without whose strong support its proposals could not be adopted and carried through successfully. Nevertheless, the faculty should be prepared to consider them calmly and objectively, having regard both to the deep and deeply-felt needs that have prompted them and to the values embodied in the educational ideals and achievements of Swarthmore College. It is important to bear in mind that the SASS statement comes at a time when the two reports--on black admissions and on black studies--are ready for sul::mission to the faculty, and also that sympathy for action on these matt-err is virtually unanimous. The SASS statement can serve a useful purpose in bringing home to us the urgency of the special problems that black students have in obtaining an opportunity to prepare adequately for college study, and in maintaining their sense of selfhood within largely white environments while living and working at college. But we should not be tempted to set aside rational and democratic methods in our concern to reach a solution of these problems. We have good ways of dealing with our problems, through study, discussion among students, faculty members, and administrative officers, and recommendations to the Board of Managers. The current crisis has not ari's en out of faculty indifference to students' needs and interests, or administrative aloofness and refusal to communicate with students or student groups. The best way of meeting it--and of making fut~ crises as healthy and constructive as possible-is to continue to adhere to democratic and rational methods. Monroe C. Beardsley Mar.k A. Heald Helen F. North J. Roland Pennock Frank C. Pierson Peter T. Thompson �6 January 1969 President Smith and I met this morning with members of SASS from 11:00 A.M. until 12:30 P.M . 15 Clinton Etheridge, Jr., the Chairman of SASS, cited the SASS demands, calling for SHift and positive action on the part of the College in accepting these demands. Pr esident Smith spoke to the four numbered points as indicated in his memorandum to faculty members on 31 December 1968. He developed at length the nature and extent of his belief in the underlying conc ern~ of SASS, making explicit his strong personal hope for an increase in the number of black students and faculty members and administrators at the College, the need to create a viable healthy black student population, and the nature of his belief in the impo rtance of self-definition. President Smith expressed his hope that SASS would now use this mom ent constructively either by presenting proposals to the Faculty that embody their ideas or by providing a full commentary on th e recommendations that have now been . sent to all of us by the Admissions Policy Co mmittee. At the end of the meeting SASS repeated its demand s , insistin g that President Smith make a strong statement to the Faculty' calling for th e College to accept and implement SASS I S dem ands. Pr esident Smith held to the position described in his memorandum to the Faculty mentioned above, expressing his beli ef that it is our entire College communi ty, and not SASS alone or the President alone, that must consider conscientiousl y and im agina tively the best ways to achieve the goals he believes almost everyone in this co mmun ity Hishes to achieve. Gilmore Stott �January 6, 1969 To: the College Community From: Student Council Student Council met Monday night to discuss recent developments relating to black admi ss i ons. ~\fe strohgly agree with what we find to be comm~n in the two reports . Both favor a substantial increase in the number of black students. Both favor i mmediate interiIa "s t eps to increase the number of black students in the class of 1973 (including the admission of fl r isk ll students). Both recognize the need for a more viable life for black students here (including t he appointment of black admj_nistrators and counselors). These issues are of utmost- i mportance and demand i mmediate attention and decision. W therefore urge the faculty to establish and make known at its e meet.i ng this afternoon a specific t i metable concerning the consideration and decision on these crucial issue s o This timetable woUld serve as an indication of your commi tment- to deal quickly with these matt- rs. e However, we do recognize basic philosophical differences in the two reports, and we realize that these' can not be reascnably resolved in the near future. It- is impera ti ve that a joint- commi t ,tee be fornI~d consisting of the Admiss~ons Policy Cammi ttee? members of SASS, and other students to wrlte a more compr ehenslve report answering gener al questions. This committee could calIon consul tant.s when it t hought it was necessary. \ATe WQuld like faculty commitment today to the formation of this committee. S igned~ Student Council Jolm Braxton Lauren Brubaker Stephanie Cooley Carl Kendall Eandy Larrimore Hank Levy Gerard Mare Mary Noland Lyn Peery Ca rol Pixton Ellen Schall Lyle Snider Roger Wood Absent~ M ike Hatter sley �J e.n . 7, 1969 To L : e ~\mrt h:J orc Coll c'E: 8 00 'lJl. 1 1Hi ty , ~iJG t . ;. 8 'u.fHJel'ci[ 1'l :.:?d , cO !.l c e l~~18cl ii.18!u t-;el's :)1 t ~ SW8 r t ~, ;] o re GO.nnuni ty , eKlJreSs (,u r S 'Gr :.J J.1.~ S0.~) ;. or t f e o r a ll of t . . L;; d e i;J c.uds of t ,' 8 01:' 00 l e t t.a r c Ollc ern i ne Bl 8.c k Admi ss ions. i. c t i()n must be t o.Ken no~" t e GllSure: 1. &n .increase in t ~ ::) number of Bla e l;: s t v.uen t s in the cla ss of 1 9 7 3 , includ i ilf t ' e ud , ~ ss i c~ of & si n i f ic a nt number of II r isk" E;t U.d e n ts, ~. a b8..sic C(;;L i t l;i ent to t w pre sen c e o f f.;. vi a ble Blac k CO':L.,UYl.:i t y d, t o , !art :"(llOr C , i;lc l\.1CJin{. L :.{; c....d. ll~J.8si o n of a s l.;.f 1:i.c i en t n uad::er of Bl ach:. s t ,;Jden t s t o Sl.:!.l) !o:-c t ;,.~t) c r;. [i c 0!lj i,u ni t y , (, :rlU t .c G oint :.ll::u t or C<. jU 2 C h. ,-",0. ,d.s s ions off ic e r .p:.' &nd Bl a c K C()l.H13clor s , 3 . t .' 8 i n C ~Lus io n of 8. s i : n i f'i c u.nt nU!:1.b e:-c o f s tUd811 t s , es '[; e cia l l y >=.JA0S l:lembers , on Cl COJ \l(ii t tee t (_ for .nul L.ct8 a CUi! l.Jrehensi.\Te s t d tclnent of l)~ l ilo s o ~)::lY on J:U<"4c k 8..c. , liss ion s and Dl a c k s t udent l i fe . 1:J e fe el t i2t t . f; (-: d fl :i~n i 8tr,_.ti () ~1 ;. (.5 !lo t te. :>..cn c:A e q u 3 te to involve 8t u ~: ents , , ; l l () eS !1t; cial ly ,3lu c L :3tUG ents, i '-1 t 1.: ,., ·f·or'·n u l · · t ·, "1" 0 1' t ,,.,. '·\ d !"l· se' ; -'l'l c' 'J ')O'; l' C" ;v () '. .1 ·tt ee rc " ort " J . J l: o n }jl Lc k 0 ,c.1.il1iS;;J :L ons ,--~lC~ <..t.d il is s i u:~. s ;)olt c y i n ;' eneral. :'J e <.•..1. 8 0 fee l t ;\<.. t 8 tu(i cmts . ust e,ct i v oly d i scu ss t i le is sues l~u. i 8ed by t . ; e SA:tS 181~te r L ; ,nd t,li s re ~. ort i~_ilcl :,1<:.'\. (:; Known to t :,G £" ;.c ,.; 1 ty , :"d.lli n i strs. tL);1 , ~ ':'l.,l b Oc..r ( Of 1'--~1i..,c ,::. r s th eir Vi 8H S W i d de i :and s. ~,,;e f e e l L 'Gt i f t;w fz.. c u.l ty, d l mil1i s tra ti on ,--,lel o 0 8.rd of ,uc-.n a '.',cr s 0.0 Lot ,r.c.. ~. e 2, cle Lr c o;nl:ii t r;i8 n t to t .h e . b88 ic 1 )l'inci})1 8 s out:Li n ed i n t Jle 0 j', ;3~ l e tte r, \\il lic ~, coincid es i n s i cnii'ic Cl.flt < 'c;cd3 \·;'~. t : ~ t .i. o j~l; ' i'i:Joiuns :i' ol i c y Ccmnlittee ..\,r Re l:ort, t il'" t d i ro ct (.. .ctL n OJ' t .:le st-u.c'.. ent b o d.v , <...nd Bl a CK s tu~. ents i n i-!c.,r t i cul&r , i s b oth ne ce sso.ry ~.~'ld a p p ro p ri t:.. te. st e _J. I)~ I . .• ..., -'- .. .J. (,.... _ ' .. .L .L ,,-, .t \ • ., ' r..)....!... ' _ I U . ...l... han k Le v y .De bby Bo n e Cara ltci t iTian .La uren l3rub aker Jo se f h 0 c fi oenf eld J 2.. c lne .L L u s s e Jo e Ho r owitz J im 13ro'.;Jninc:; Jon :J2_ r b ~ r :Marianne Go l d st e i n Cl auc~ ia C~l.Qll. 1 G tt D2_V:1..c~ lU c ks C . Ho lY ,,1an • 'L ) 1 8.u ra J, 016th J o h n Brax ton Candy ~)utt e r Pete r Rus h Bob G o o c~:,]an I.:a rren Ph i nney HO'.lar d Gold J efJ" S p i e lbe r ~; . Ne il Pr os e J im Colvin Da v i d Goo ch. . ::tc h ClJ.r is Hon son Dan Wass er::.lan �... 'p' WIrY WE CAN iT Wil l'l' The first Black student pr obably came to SW8.rthmore around 1942. It's hard to track down this preccd0nt·=setting history-making event in the Swarthmorea.·> because verJ little written evidence exists, and this history must be shY'ouded, therefore, by hearsay, recollection and uncertainty. Before that date, there VII'ere a number of frustrated efforts to deSE.~ate the college and break the color linG that had existed by gentlemen's agreement. True illustrations may shecl light on. this point o In his Memoirs, Charles J. Darlington, 1915, relates the story that his SwarthmoreDean' of JVIe:l, lf1liJ.liam A c Alexander, told him of Black admissions at SwarthrnoI' e" 1905 tJt yle o Th e college had unknowingly accepted a very light-skinned Neg 1 'o rrale because the admissions information was gathered from fill ed-cut ques -cimmaires and from photographs", without the now required inte:;:'vieH < As C:Lar les De.rlington recounts it: When he 81';:,i ";,Te d :! t v;::u:; .f"OUi..'C~ th3 t he was a Negro boy. His picture was sha ded in ~uc~ ~ way th&t this fact had not been obvious c. The c- ollege ·~\r 8.:'~ J.n an enDc.rras sing quandary. No Negroes had ever b ec:.! a;:.'t;'l:::'tt 3cL As IlJU.ec tl said, "It just wasn't done" Ii .£\.I'I~e::."" lLl,ch hee.:::-t . searching by the college administration and p::..~ obabl~F-[·0ffi.G·-ln 8r;b·el""s '-o f the Board, the boy and his p a r ents wer e to~.d tha t an. e~ror had been made. The college was very S OI'l"Y '!'Yll"j he could not be permitted to en t er" - - ---- .-,----..- - -..- .,---,. - - - -.,-Everett Lee Hunt in ti.l e Revo lt of 1,he College Intellectual gives us a glimpse into Dep l'ess io'il=-8t]T8 -sw,i'i:-fEmoj::::-e'~31ack admissions. Everett Hunt narrates: In 1932 a Negro f::."om a PhiladeJ_phia High School decided to apply to Swarthmore, He .:o..s a p:::-.omincnt athlete; had a good background i:1 elasnics J his major interest; was president of' the stude nt government 8nd popular with his fellows; and, except for his color, was a logical candidate for open scholarship o Th e admission of colored students had nev or been appro7ed by the Board of Managers, and so th e Admissio:cJ.E:: Commi t t ee r e feJ:'r e d the application to the Board. After 0.. long discussion it decided by a large majority t~at Negro students could not yet be admi tted to a coerluca tionaJ_ colleGe like Swarthmore. Their admission lrJould 1'o.. j 2e too mn.n y p':"~ 0blems and create too many difficul t-is s, 'J:hG-"'·:' Ha s t:;ene ral satisfaction at the happy so ~lutj ,,).0. :,;j_'O!.: <c'~:J(;d 'J '-J ['80.n 3re ight , just p,rrived from Dartmou th~ ~~e~ h ~ £0~ t~8 boy accopted there with a large schol 8,l"'::.L i pc ,;1.1'.0.£1 ' 8 ,:::-,11ego s83J1.o d just the place for him~ No doubt, its e}J:-ca~Cr~;J. 88.~·,":..8 f'o2. a Qual\:or schoo l like Swarthmore to have racial skelet o n::: i!~~ i-he" C!('i';G~;. T'h f: Quakers , one of the first group to come out against ;';}[,-'J8ry ,. La '. 0 1,':n[T hQd 0. social activist creed which rw_ns directly c r.:;1..:.n tn , 'c() t.h (~ ~.'D.ci[:l f;\ '::;:; ,Je on s in the closet of Quaker . Swarthmore Colleg e c 'i'.no ~( c. :i !<I~~ cue: }"L'ac r;:;_00 o f the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting voices th e ::3c!d o..l-·c.~o2~'8-::,n -..t'l1a:C-Fr1end.s have tr~di tionally had in racial justico c J �' The plight of , native races and disadvantaged ' groups in Africa, India, Asia, Europe and America which so heavily weighted upon the minds and hearts of members of the Commission on Racial Justice, places both a responsibility and opportunity before the Society of Friends ' ~ I1isunderstandings and bitterness which divide economic gpoups and national gover,illhents re~t~' ip no small measure upon race prejudi6e. Jf the c&uses of ~ indus,trial and . international wars are to ' bf;:removed, 'effective work must be done in improving the s'tatusQf disadvantaged grOUPSD i, .ytrat SASS , end6 (.;.-;;' ors by presenting its .demands is to close the gap at Swarthmore between faith and practice and thus help the college reach its full potential as an educational ' J.nsti tution in the profes 's ed service of ' a better American society. Th}s willcomE3 about, by pr:oviding talented ' Black youths wi th the academ;ic competence to, ' filllction on ,two leViels. Because of its ' intense aDd , rigorousedue,ational ' experienc~, Swar'thmore , College coul~be :, a , traini:qg ground ,for Black scholars ,and~lack leaders. Bla~k f Swn.rtbinor;e alumni could, one day be vJOrkingat t1).e frontiers of ' knowledge ' in Brack studies, doing , he new scholarship anq, unea rthing .a t : ' vital Dody" o':(~nowledgG~ ' SHarthmore could gi ve its Black alumni the ,,' __ , intell e,c tunJ: . d1,scipline and analytic pmvers to look a t the hard, complex is sues. ,thai; ~ lac;k : l eade r .ship ll1Till e ncounter ip future years. , his is ' T the [d-rn 'of· 'the' SASS demands. '- - ' '''' l ';"" " . . " _. In order - to''' beBla c}:- :scr," "'. ars ;and6.Bla ck leaders, howe~er ~ SW$,rthJpore~ Black college · studeritswill chave . to possesse : viable Black identiti~sJ ffi ~ sense of group pr'i de 8:Qddestiny which can only ' come about ;:througtl in' .' , " . di vidual ' 'S,elf:.:t,ar,:.-· :"y.si s· 'and, SEilf':',defini tion. In a predomin& tely whi te, CoIl ege' like , Swarth.'YJ1ore, th e Blac- students group plays , a very important ' k ", counter ~ soci.alization role ' in nuturing the viable selfhood" for p::roi9.uctive.' From th:i,s gO?tls flqwsth e rationale for Black atudents at SwartbJnore . and " " the legitimacy of ' SASS. . I, ",. \' . ~ -~" . .. ~his is a nec~isary conclusion that thinking Black students &re coming too Thus SASS enjoys thepassi.ve ., if not the active ~upport' of virtually all the Black s ,tp,dents · on campus 0 ' To illustrate thi;3 . po;Lnt, after student .,cou,:lcil "endorsed the orginal ,SASS demands, .aT).d'· c.ertain ,'. · white administrators were sug(l~ 6sting that SA,SSWRS an i'll egiMnate, Un'r ep res entati v~org8ni'zation, the " group , conducted cin int e rnal poll und found tha·t , a ll but six of , the Blac·k s,tudents on the .c ampus ' werB wi~ling to goon r e c ord as ' SASS memb e rs .. White Sw'a rthmore. waS shown that s oIne of ' therc ' b es t f r i E(nds a rE; not , Negroes. On a ' cdmpu~ t ·h at profess es, to b e . li fer~ l and enlightened, wh ,:.<. do e s SASS ene'ount,e r ; SCi ; much r esis tance and misunderstanding in itm ~ g'oals of s.elf-definitioh and self ··det,e rmina'Gion for BJ:ack peoplo~' A ' great doal of the a nsw e r li e s ir:. fa:;,'::; t~at tho College suffers from whi to liberal mind set on'r'ac~ r ea lt5,ons o ' By~ that ~ve . meo.n that Swarthmore "Coliege as an institution has 8 "Love roe, I'm a lib e ral!!' approach to race , r e lations tha t.phil Ochs in Concert ~ satirizes. In oth e r words, because the College was founded 1.-mder Quaker aegi s, ,a nd becaus e its adminis tra tors r a is e money for !~Tade House> a nd b eca use its faculty h e lps run Upward Bounq., .. : : " H ,-. .,j �( 3» and because its students tutor Chest e r Kids, lily white Swarthmore automat~ ically assumes it's the racial scene and doing the best it can . 1A te Thi liberal , Swarthmore has been content to push for racial justice and Black " self-de~qrmination in Chester, or Philadelphia, or Media, rather than in its own backyard. Black Power is good in Chest8r, but bad in the ~ampus. The racism of the outer white society stops at the edge of college property~ because Swarthmore College, a small Co-educational LIBERAL liberal arts 11 miles southwest of Philadelphia, because the campus comrnunity is one big happy racial family~ How long can basically descent people lull th8mselves into the fragile and status quo "oomplacency of rosy-eyed sb.cchc..rino exist~nco, whe re everybody' is' suppoSed to be co1-or blind 'and , and unpre judiced?' , This fantasy world ,can never exist in a society that waS nutured on racism and in which it still runs rampant. Very few, if any, white people in contemporary America have or can elude the racist virus b e cause it is ," ubiquitous: cmd deep-seated. But there is one hope, there isa way to work ourseJves out of this sad dilemma -to faco the hard, cold, cruel reali ty of the racic~J cris is.Because tho vague and accusatory word racist· ", ~onnotes []D " otrert, virulent bigot clubbing poor def ensel e ss Negroes, whito liberals concerned with social justice, don't like to see the term bandied about. Doubtless, this is a typical Swarthmore reaction. Be'cause some of our best friends are white liberals, many SASS members are careful with their racial labels. Yet to many "Love me" liberals, the term white liberal itself must seem at times an epfthet. Whatever the label, all are members of the Master Race in a society in which the legitimllt~d belief in the inferiority of Blacks is deeply ingrained, and pervasive. Every white is not to blame for a racist America, but every white is in some degree responsible. , Thus to combat Smith an~ r~~BiS of Swarthmore Colle£A7 ~lle liberal Quaker school has a r8sponsible racism pn~ uqvance racial equality. We hope that Prosident Dwarthmore College will not turn their backs on the greater this century. "", SASS proceeds with a clear conscience, can Swarthmore College?' ~ The Swarthmore Afro-Ame rical1 Students' Society �S4ARTH M 0:1E COLLEGE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 8 January 1969 To the Faculty, Staff, and Students: Opening a meeting of the Faculty nf Swarthmore College on Tuesday afternoon, 7 "Janua.ry 1969, President Smith announced that the faculty will meet weekly throughout January, and as ~ong as is necessary thereafter, to discuss four important topic~ ln the following order: 1) black admissions policy, 2) the proposed Black Studies program, 3) the proposed Student Week, and 4) the reports of the Student Life Committee and the Expanded Student Affairs Committee. President Smith, after briefly reviewing the history of the continuing efforts of Swarthmore College to recruit and enroll black students, reported to the faculty on his meeting with SASS on Monday, 6 January 1969, in which he discussed with them their demands made 23 December 1968, and explained more fully his response which was set forth in a memorandum to the faculty on 31 Dl')cember 1968. He said that SASS had insisted that the President make a strong statemept to the Faculty calling for the College to accept and implement SASS's demands. In the general discussion that followed, a number of faculty members urged that lines of direct communication be opened between the faculty and SASS in order that members of SASS, as well as the student body at large, be made aware of the deep concern felt by the entire faculty over the problem of black admissions at Swarthmore and in order that SASS could discuss these problems with the faculty. It was suggested that members of SASS be invited to a meeting of the faculty to participate in the dis~ussion, or, alternatively, that SASS be invited to hold a forum open to the faculty ~nd members of the student body for such discussion. When it was pointed out that only ten members of the f~culty had attended the meeting sponsored by SASS and the Student Council at 12:30 this afternoon (7 January), many members of the fa~ulty indicated that they had not yet received notice of this meeting. Several members of the faculty, noting the substantial areas of agreement between the demands of SASS and the proposals of the Admissions Policy Committee (30 December 68), suggested. that the faculty take immediate action on those proposals on wh~ch there was SUbstantial agreement. Others, however, felt that thls would represent only token action on the part of the faculty, and that the overall implications of all proposals deserved careful and serious disc:uflsion and e onelderatjoll in the meetings now scheduled. �" -2President Smi th s aid that he felt almost everyone in this community wishe d to achieve th u goals that determine the major thrust of the report of the Admissions Policy Committee and the demands of SASS. He said he was sure there was no disagreement about increasing the number of blac k students, fa culty members , and administrators. A judgment a'uout nV.mbers of high risk studen te does involve a basic issue to be re s olved by t he faculty. Swart hmore College has historically defined it s elf a s a colle g e with a highly selected student body and a challenging academic program ,. In the light of cur~ent social urgencies, should the College redef in e itself, and if so, to what extent and in what direction ? The faculty decided first to consid 8r the proposals cf S.ASS and of the Admissions Policy Committee, and voted to base i ts discussion on the SASS demands. In the ensuing lengthy and co m l ex p discussion, however, it became apparent that the SASS demands en t!3.iled complications and implications that w',') re not immediately a pparent and could not be resolved in this first meeting on thA s·..1bject. The faculty, however, unanimously passed the followin g resolution, based upon the memorandum from the Student Council : IIW0 favor a sUbstantial increase in the number of black students. We favor immediate interim steps t o increase the number of black s t udents in the class of 1973 (i nc l.uding the admission of " ris k" students). We recognize the need for a more viable life for b lack s "t.~udents here (including the appointment of black administrato l's and counselors). II In conclusion, the faculty passed the following motion by a unanimous vote: II That the f acult y in vi te SASS to a meet i ng with the faculty next Friday between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m., or at their convenience before Friday." David Cowden Secretary to the Faculty �January To~ From~ 9, 1969 The College CO :'1'1111 j_ty .n Student Council student Council met again v '!ednesday afternoon and evening to discuss recent developments relating to black admissions. '\liTe greatly appreciated the resolution which the faculty made at its Tuesday evening meeting. We understand this resolution to include~ (1) a commitment to a, substantial increase in the number of black students; (2) a commitment to i mmediate interim steps to increase the number of black students in the Class of 1973 (including the admission of "risk" students); (3) a recognition of the need for a more viable life for black students here (including the appointment of black administrators and counselors). Rowever we regard faculty endorsement of the formation of a commiitee consisting of members of the Admissions Policy Committee, membe rs of SASS , consultants, and other students to be equally i m perative. We urge immediate implementation of this SASS demand which calls for student participation---partiriularly black student participation--in the decision-making process . Student Council has considered this to be an important issue all semester. A basic cause of the present crisis is the lack of student and black participation as an integral part of the decisionmaking process. We recognize that there are two distinct perspectives to be considered---a white perspective and a black perspective. Both must be heard at all levels; both must be respect ed. A significant decision-making role for blacks in the college must be created. l;J e consider the joint committee to have two basic functions~ 1) to establish a long-range philosophy governing black admissions policy; 2) to work out the details of i mplementat ion of faculty decisions. For example, if the faculty recommends establishing a supportive program for "risk" students, it would be the job of:' the joint committee to decide precis81y what that supportive program would consist of. What ' is ne~ded now is a clear and sincere commitment on the part of the faculty by passage of the substantive demands. \ATe feel that the faculty1s decision to use the SASS demands as its agenda is a step in that direction. "'Te understand that these are difficult problems to resolve in a seemingly short time, but we also sympathize with the impatience of S~S8 and otber students. In short, it must be recognized that this is a crisis situat ion and that immediate action is absclutely necessary. Furthermore, if we wish to avert crises of similar nature in the future, steps must be taken to insure student participation in the decision-making processes of Swarthmore College . Signed, Student Council JQhn Braxton Lauren Brubaker Stephanie Cooley Carl Kendall Randy Larrimore Hank Levy rTA 1" ::I1"n ::11" A Mary Noland Carol Pixton Ellen Schall Lyle Snider Absent~ Lyn Peery Roger '\ATood �SASS Vi c; }-! ~.: \~· s . [ ;t 11·;[t ;/::) i -(H~_ i C f;. t (~ (~!. t {,) (-l t OD. 1' C} O lI9. }leJ ~:; 1';" G T'8 Tn} _ Y! 1'(: })re S Coil t j. :ns ol:·iJ. y 3 f i ~cs t ' s t c r: i 1-1 !?I.e h j _e 'V9- j. J1E~ O U. l · SC' 8.1 0 f ! -r:) J~ : $.11 1r~·r,lc PC. l~c~ .e. t5. on [; . t. S;·:c~. l. t111 ~~c·l·e " you~c f'Et:ilu.:f'c ()v"c::y' t}-!5. s ex.i - eYJdecl pe:!'5.cJcl of tj.lne t .o (:j -1C} d. j_sc~1)ssl on [~~}'}d. t~o 1Jef!.~ 1.rl te, :l. 1Llj] , lH2 t~ t p:t'C) £.~l.~ci,lr~.s "1 [lel j. c r~. ts r~ t 1-!~;. t ~r ("':lJ t C() :C f: [J. 1 1 z e t r";.::;. t · i"D..n.c! 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', ::: , ::~ r.<~...~ (.; t y � S WAR TH MORE COLLEGE SWA R TH MORE , PENNSYLVANIA 1908 1 I J l OFFICE OF THE PRES i dENT 9 January 19 69 r:po Members of th.e Board of Managers : I enclose for your information the following it ems : 1 . A l etter from six faculty members sent t6 their c olleagues, and l a t er to all students , dated J anuary 31"d. 2. Gil Stott ' s memorandum, given to the pr esident of Stu dent Council and a few others, r eporting bri efly on my meeting with SASS on J anuary 6th. 3. A mailin g to the Coll ege community fro m Student Council on January 6th. ". ~_ . A mailing to the Co llege commun ity by 26 students on January 7th. 5. A mailing , f1 \{hy liJe Canlt l'V'ait ,f1 sent by SASS to a ll memb e rs of th e College community on January 8th. 6. A summary, prepared by David Cowden as Secretary of th e Faculty, of the faculty meeting h e ld on J anuary 7th . 7. A mailing sent from Student Counci l to the College c ommunity on Janu ary 8th. Cou rtney Smith Also enclosed is a communication dated January 9th just received from SASS . �SASS S U '([ i :/ l li,'i Or ,' . 1ji'()- Amr;'lc(fi? SiI{(/(II r/ ~" I.... . ')(-/:I'"!-,. ) ~1_ Yl (": ~~ (; :::. 't ~ c (1 t: h fl.. t 0 u. )." d.(; ~7: S~!"l d !?: i'·; -8:r- e T111 :£'1 i ~r:.:.~. l t l' ~L l'~~: t: S t C T: i :~~. !:';,C 1,} 0 ~v- j , }'j£~; C)'i,) 1" E~ OE> 1 0 f x'e 1 c "'v' c'!,!; L ) } ·r:) ~~:~;.rlJ . st.lc (~(~_LJc.e. -t: :i .()"!1 not S·~:r::..1.· t. ~-il!:c~ce ~ YC)D. :C f.~:-'.~Llu. :rc 0\7"(: 1'· t}l~i.S e): ~.~f;)Jd(-;c1. r)e ~[ } ( )cl ( ) f' t tTI';.e tC) 8Yl(1 c3. :Lsc t)ss } Or) 8,,'( ],d. tC) t et?: i.Yl to ).J rr)1e ..,. n! '(~ r~ t Pl· ogl· ;:::~.Pl::~ i 1"'1C; :'!. C ~. ;. te F:; t 1'1[:, J~~ ;/ou t CC) r·f-.; c~l. :!_j , Z C t. }"! r~::. t f'tJ. r.. cl e.r'! c y~ t [ . . 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C~ :::; 1 ~; t,l ) -d f? rl ·::.~~~ :3~- '<: :.: . ::~ t,y f(>';' O~ ).}: · :) ·:~' p~C ~~) '.:-n. ] ( �Swarthmore College Swart.hmore, Pennsylvania January 3, 1968 To our fellow faculty members: The following memorandtUll is offered in the hope of contributing to a constructive response to the SASS ultimattUll, though SASS's demands are presented in terms that are incompatible with acceptable procedures. The ~~~ptory style of the SASS proposals should not obscure either the real merits of some of them or the necessity of giving careful and tholl6ht,ful, consideration to the important issues of College policy which they raise . It is regrettable that the SASS leaders have acted (while the College is on vacation) as though the President of Swarthmore College is in a position--or would be willing-to make these decisions by himself. It is also regrettable that SASS has resorted to vilification and even to threats as the means of gaining its ends; and that SASS has made no effort to call its concerns directly to the attention of the whole faculty, without whose strong support its proposals could not be adopted and carried through successfully. Nevertheless, the faculty should be prepared to consider them calmly and objectively, having regard both to the deep and deeply-felt needs that have prompted them and to the values embodied in the educational ideals and achievements of Swarthmore College. It is important to bear in mind that the SASS statement comes at a time when the two reports--on black admissions and on black studies--are ready for sul::mission to the faculty, and also that sympathy for action on these matt-err is virtually unanimous. The SASS statement can serve a useful purpose in bringing home to us the urgency of the special problems that black students have in obtaining an opportunity to prepare adequately for college study, and in maintaining their sense of selfhood within largely white environments while living and working at college. But we should not be tempted to set aside rational and democratic methods in our concern to reach a solution of these problems. We have good ways of dealing with our problems, through study, discussion among students, faculty members, and administrative officers, and recommendations to the Board of Managers. The current crisis has not ari's en out of faculty indifference to students' needs and interests, or administrative aloofness and refusal to communicate with students or student groups. The best way of meeting it--and of making fut~ crises as healthy and constructive as possible-is to continue to adhere to democratic and rational methods. Monroe C. Beardsley Mar.k A. Heald Helen F. North J. Roland Pennock Frank C. Pierson Peter T. Thompson �6 January 1969 President Smith and I met this morning with members of SASS from 11:00 A.M. until 12:30 P.M . 15 Clinton Etheridge, Jr., the Chairman of SASS, cited the SASS demands, calling for SHift and positive action on the part of the College in accepting these demands. Pr esident Smith spoke to the four numbered points as indicated in his memorandum to faculty members on 31 December 1968. He developed at length the nature and extent of his belief in the underlying conc ern~ of SASS, making explicit his strong personal hope for an increase in the number of black students and faculty members and administrators at the College, the need to create a viable healthy black student population, and the nature of his belief in the impo rtance of self-definition. President Smith expressed his hope that SASS would now use this mom ent constructively either by presenting proposals to the Faculty that embody their ideas or by providing a full commentary on th e recommendations that have now been . sent to all of us by the Admissions Policy Co mmittee. At the end of the meeting SASS repeated its demand s , insistin g that President Smith make a strong statement to the Faculty' calling for th e College to accept and implement SASS I S dem ands. Pr esident Smith held to the position described in his memorandum to the Faculty mentioned above, expressing his beli ef that it is our entire College communi ty, and not SASS alone or the President alone, that must consider conscientiousl y and im agina tively the best ways to achieve the goals he believes almost everyone in this co mmun ity Hishes to achieve. Gilmore Stott �January 6, 1969 To: the College Community From: Student Council Student Council met Monday night to discuss recent developments relating to black admi ss i ons. ~\fe strohgly agree with what we find to be comm~n in the two reports . Both favor a substantial increase in the number of black students. Both favor i mmediate interiIa "s t eps to increase the number of black students in the class of 1973 (including the admission of fl r isk ll students). Both recognize the need for a more viable life for black students here (including t he appointment of black admj_nistrators and counselors). These issues are of utmost- i mportance and demand i mmediate attention and decision. W therefore urge the faculty to establish and make known at its e meet.i ng this afternoon a specific t i metable concerning the consideration and decision on these crucial issue s o This timetable woUld serve as an indication of your commi tment- to deal quickly with these matt- rs. e However, we do recognize basic philosophical differences in the two reports, and we realize that these' can not be reascnably resolved in the near future. It- is impera ti ve that a joint- commi t ,tee be fornI~d consisting of the Admiss~ons Policy Cammi ttee? members of SASS, and other students to wrlte a more compr ehenslve report answering gener al questions. This committee could calIon consul tant.s when it t hought it was necessary. \ATe WQuld like faculty commitment today to the formation of this committee. S igned~ Student Council Jolm Braxton Lauren Brubaker Stephanie Cooley Carl Kendall Eandy Larrimore Hank Levy Gerard Mare Mary Noland Lyn Peery Ca rol Pixton Ellen Schall Lyle Snider Roger Wood Absent~ M ike Hatter sley �J e.n . 7, 1969 To L : e ~\mrt h:J orc Coll c'E: 8 00 'lJl. 1 1Hi ty , ~iJG t . ;. 8 'u.fHJel'ci[ 1'l :.:?d , cO !.l c e l~~18cl ii.18!u t-;el's :)1 t ~ SW8 r t ~, ;] o re GO.nnuni ty , eKlJreSs (,u r S 'Gr :.J J.1.~ S0.~) ;. or t f e o r a ll of t . . L;; d e i;J c.uds of t ,' 8 01:' 00 l e t t.a r c Ollc ern i ne Bl 8.c k Admi ss ions. i. c t i()n must be t o.Ken no~" t e GllSure: 1. &n .increase in t ~ ::) number of Bla e l;: s t v.uen t s in the cla ss of 1 9 7 3 , includ i ilf t ' e ud , ~ ss i c~ of & si n i f ic a nt number of II r isk" E;t U.d e n ts, ~. a b8..sic C(;;L i t l;i ent to t w pre sen c e o f f.;. vi a ble Blac k CO':L.,UYl.:i t y d, t o , !art :"(llOr C , i;lc l\.1CJin{. L :.{; c....d. ll~J.8si o n of a s l.;.f 1:i.c i en t n uad::er of Bl ach:. s t ,;Jden t s t o Sl.:!.l) !o:-c t ;,.~t) c r;. [i c 0!lj i,u ni t y , (, :rlU t .c G oint :.ll::u t or C<. jU 2 C h. ,-",0. ,d.s s ions off ic e r .p:.' &nd Bl a c K C()l.H13clor s , 3 . t .' 8 i n C ~Lus io n of 8. s i : n i f'i c u.nt nU!:1.b e:-c o f s tUd811 t s , es '[; e cia l l y >=.JA0S l:lembers , on Cl COJ \l(ii t tee t (_ for .nul L.ct8 a CUi! l.Jrehensi.\Te s t d tclnent of l)~ l ilo s o ~)::lY on J:U<"4c k 8..c. , liss ion s and Dl a c k s t udent l i fe . 1:J e fe el t i2t t . f; (-: d fl :i~n i 8tr,_.ti () ~1 ;. (.5 !lo t te. :>..cn c:A e q u 3 te to involve 8t u ~: ents , , ; l l () eS !1t; cial ly ,3lu c L :3tUG ents, i '-1 t 1.: ,., ·f·or'·n u l · · t ·, "1" 0 1' t ,,.,. '·\ d !"l· se' ; -'l'l c' 'J ')O'; l' C" ;v () '. .1 ·tt ee rc " ort " J . J l: o n }jl Lc k 0 ,c.1.il1iS;;J :L ons ,--~lC~ <..t.d il is s i u:~. s ;)olt c y i n ;' eneral. :'J e <.•..1. 8 0 fee l t ;\<.. t 8 tu(i cmts . ust e,ct i v oly d i scu ss t i le is sues l~u. i 8ed by t . ; e SA:tS 181~te r L ; ,nd t,li s re ~. ort i~_ilcl :,1<:.'\. (:; Known to t :,G £" ;.c ,.; 1 ty , :"d.lli n i strs. tL);1 , ~ ':'l.,l b Oc..r ( Of 1'--~1i..,c ,::. r s th eir Vi 8H S W i d de i :and s. ~,,;e f e e l L 'Gt i f t;w fz.. c u.l ty, d l mil1i s tra ti on ,--,lel o 0 8.rd of ,uc-.n a '.',cr s 0.0 Lot ,r.c.. ~. e 2, cle Lr c o;nl:ii t r;i8 n t to t .h e . b88 ic 1 )l'inci})1 8 s out:Li n ed i n t Jle 0 j', ;3~ l e tte r, \\il lic ~, coincid es i n s i cnii'ic Cl.flt < 'c;cd3 \·;'~. t : ~ t .i. o j~l; ' i'i:Joiuns :i' ol i c y Ccmnlittee ..\,r Re l:ort, t il'" t d i ro ct (.. .ctL n OJ' t .:le st-u.c'.. ent b o d.v , <...nd Bl a CK s tu~. ents i n i-!c.,r t i cul&r , i s b oth ne ce sso.ry ~.~'ld a p p ro p ri t:.. te. st e _J. I)~ I . .• ..., -'- .. .J. (,.... _ ' .. .L .L ,,-, .t \ • ., ' r..)....!... ' _ I U . ...l... han k Le v y .De bby Bo n e Cara ltci t iTian .La uren l3rub aker Jo se f h 0 c fi oenf eld J 2.. c lne .L L u s s e Jo e Ho r owitz J im 13ro'.;Jninc:; Jon :J2_ r b ~ r :Marianne Go l d st e i n Cl auc~ ia C~l.Qll. 1 G tt D2_V:1..c~ lU c ks C . Ho lY ,,1an • 'L ) 1 8.u ra J, 016th J o h n Brax ton Candy ~)utt e r Pete r Rus h Bob G o o c~:,]an I.:a rren Ph i nney HO'.lar d Gold J efJ" S p i e lbe r ~; . Ne il Pr os e J im Colvin Da v i d Goo ch. . ::tc h ClJ.r is Hon son Dan Wass er::.lan �... 'p' WIrY WE CAN iT Wil l'l' The first Black student pr obably came to SW8.rthmore around 1942. It's hard to track down this preccd0nt·=setting history-making event in the Swarthmorea.·> because verJ little written evidence exists, and this history must be shY'ouded, therefore, by hearsay, recollection and uncertainty. Before that date, there VII'ere a number of frustrated efforts to deSE.~ate the college and break the color linG that had existed by gentlemen's agreement. True illustrations may shecl light on. this point o In his Memoirs, Charles J. Darlington, 1915, relates the story that his SwarthmoreDean' of JVIe:l, lf1liJ.liam A c Alexander, told him of Black admissions at SwarthrnoI' e" 1905 tJt yle o Th e college had unknowingly accepted a very light-skinned Neg 1 'o rrale because the admissions information was gathered from fill ed-cut ques -cimmaires and from photographs", without the now required inte:;:'vieH < As C:Lar les De.rlington recounts it: When he 81';:,i ";,Te d :! t v;::u:; .f"OUi..'C~ th3 t he was a Negro boy. His picture was sha ded in ~uc~ ~ way th&t this fact had not been obvious c. The c- ollege ·~\r 8.:'~ J.n an enDc.rras sing quandary. No Negroes had ever b ec:.! a;:.'t;'l:::'tt 3cL As IlJU.ec tl said, "It just wasn't done" Ii .£\.I'I~e::."" lLl,ch hee.:::-t . searching by the college administration and p::..~ obabl~F-[·0ffi.G·-ln 8r;b·el""s '-o f the Board, the boy and his p a r ents wer e to~.d tha t an. e~ror had been made. The college was very S OI'l"Y '!'Yll"j he could not be permitted to en t er" - - ---- .-,----..- - -..- .,---,. - - - -.,-Everett Lee Hunt in ti.l e Revo lt of 1,he College Intellectual gives us a glimpse into Dep l'ess io'il=-8t]T8 -sw,i'i:-fEmoj::::-e'~31ack admissions. Everett Hunt narrates: In 1932 a Negro f::."om a PhiladeJ_phia High School decided to apply to Swarthmore, He .:o..s a p:::-.omincnt athlete; had a good background i:1 elasnics J his major interest; was president of' the stude nt government 8nd popular with his fellows; and, except for his color, was a logical candidate for open scholarship o Th e admission of colored students had nev or been appro7ed by the Board of Managers, and so th e Admissio:cJ.E:: Commi t t ee r e feJ:'r e d the application to the Board. After 0.. long discussion it decided by a large majority t~at Negro students could not yet be admi tted to a coerluca tionaJ_ colleGe like Swarthmore. Their admission lrJould 1'o.. j 2e too mn.n y p':"~ 0blems and create too many difficul t-is s, 'J:hG-"'·:' Ha s t:;ene ral satisfaction at the happy so ~lutj ,,).0. :,;j_'O!.: <c'~:J(;d 'J '-J ['80.n 3re ight , just p,rrived from Dartmou th~ ~~e~ h ~ £0~ t~8 boy accopted there with a large schol 8,l"'::.L i pc ,;1.1'.0.£1 ' 8 ,:::-,11ego s83J1.o d just the place for him~ No doubt, its e}J:-ca~Cr~;J. 88.~·,":..8 f'o2. a Qual\:or schoo l like Swarthmore to have racial skelet o n::: i!~~ i-he" C!('i';G~;. T'h f: Quakers , one of the first group to come out against ;';}[,-'J8ry ,. La '. 0 1,':n[T hQd 0. social activist creed which rw_ns directly c r.:;1..:.n tn , 'c() t.h (~ ~.'D.ci[:l f;\ '::;:; ,Je on s in the closet of Quaker . Swarthmore Colleg e c 'i'.no ~( c. :i !<I~~ cue: }"L'ac r;:;_00 o f the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting voices th e ::3c!d o..l-·c.~o2~'8-::,n -..t'l1a:C-Fr1end.s have tr~di tionally had in racial justico c J �' The plight of , native races and disadvantaged ' groups in Africa, India, Asia, Europe and America which so heavily weighted upon the minds and hearts of members of the Commission on Racial Justice, places both a responsibility and opportunity before the Society of Friends ' ~ I1isunderstandings and bitterness which divide economic gpoups and national gover,illhents re~t~' ip no small measure upon race prejudi6e. Jf the c&uses of ~ indus,trial and . international wars are to ' bf;:removed, 'effective work must be done in improving the s'tatusQf disadvantaged grOUPSD i, .ytrat SASS , end6 (.;.-;;' ors by presenting its .demands is to close the gap at Swarthmore between faith and practice and thus help the college reach its full potential as an educational ' J.nsti tution in the profes 's ed service of ' a better American society. Th}s willcomE3 about, by pr:oviding talented ' Black youths wi th the academ;ic competence to, ' filllction on ,two leViels. Because of its ' intense aDd , rigorousedue,ational ' experienc~, Swar'thmore , College coul~be :, a , traini:qg ground ,for Black scholars ,and~lack leaders. Bla~k f Swn.rtbinor;e alumni could, one day be vJOrkingat t1).e frontiers of ' knowledge ' in Brack studies, doing , he new scholarship anq, unea rthing .a t : ' vital Dody" o':(~nowledgG~ ' SHarthmore could gi ve its Black alumni the ,,' __ , intell e,c tunJ: . d1,scipline and analytic pmvers to look a t the hard, complex is sues. ,thai; ~ lac;k : l eade r .ship ll1Till e ncounter ip future years. , his is ' T the [d-rn 'of· 'the' SASS demands. '- - ' '''' l ';"" " . . " _. In order - to''' beBla c}:- :scr," "'. ars ;and6.Bla ck leaders, howe~er ~ SW$,rthJpore~ Black college · studeritswill chave . to possesse : viable Black identiti~sJ ffi ~ sense of group pr'i de 8:Qddestiny which can only ' come about ;:througtl in' .' , " . di vidual ' 'S,elf:.:t,ar,:.-· :"y.si s· 'and, SEilf':',defini tion. In a predomin& tely whi te, CoIl ege' like , Swarth.'YJ1ore, th e Blac- students group plays , a very important ' k ", counter ~ soci.alization role ' in nuturing the viable selfhood" for p::roi9.uctive.' From th:i,s gO?tls flqwsth e rationale for Black atudents at SwartbJnore . and " " the legitimacy of ' SASS. . I, ",. \' . ~ -~" . .. ~his is a nec~isary conclusion that thinking Black students &re coming too Thus SASS enjoys thepassi.ve ., if not the active ~upport' of virtually all the Black s ,tp,dents · on campus 0 ' To illustrate thi;3 . po;Lnt, after student .,cou,:lcil "endorsed the orginal ,SASS demands, .aT).d'· c.ertain ,'. · white administrators were sug(l~ 6sting that SA,SSWRS an i'll egiMnate, Un'r ep res entati v~org8ni'zation, the " group , conducted cin int e rnal poll und found tha·t , a ll but six of , the Blac·k s,tudents on the .c ampus ' werB wi~ling to goon r e c ord as ' SASS memb e rs .. White Sw'a rthmore. waS shown that s oIne of ' therc ' b es t f r i E(nds a rE; not , Negroes. On a ' cdmpu~ t ·h at profess es, to b e . li fer~ l and enlightened, wh ,:.<. do e s SASS ene'ount,e r ; SCi ; much r esis tance and misunderstanding in itm ~ g'oals of s.elf-definitioh and self ··det,e rmina'Gion for BJ:ack peoplo~' A ' great doal of the a nsw e r li e s ir:. fa:;,'::; t~at tho College suffers from whi to liberal mind set on'r'ac~ r ea lt5,ons o ' By~ that ~ve . meo.n that Swarthmore "Coliege as an institution has 8 "Love roe, I'm a lib e ral!!' approach to race , r e lations tha t.phil Ochs in Concert ~ satirizes. In oth e r words, because the College was founded 1.-mder Quaker aegi s, ,a nd becaus e its adminis tra tors r a is e money for !~Tade House> a nd b eca use its faculty h e lps run Upward Bounq., .. : : " H ,-. .,j �( 3» and because its students tutor Chest e r Kids, lily white Swarthmore automat~ ically assumes it's the racial scene and doing the best it can . 1A te Thi liberal , Swarthmore has been content to push for racial justice and Black " self-de~qrmination in Chester, or Philadelphia, or Media, rather than in its own backyard. Black Power is good in Chest8r, but bad in the ~ampus. The racism of the outer white society stops at the edge of college property~ because Swarthmore College, a small Co-educational LIBERAL liberal arts 11 miles southwest of Philadelphia, because the campus comrnunity is one big happy racial family~ How long can basically descent people lull th8mselves into the fragile and status quo "oomplacency of rosy-eyed sb.cchc..rino exist~nco, whe re everybody' is' suppoSed to be co1-or blind 'and , and unpre judiced?' , This fantasy world ,can never exist in a society that waS nutured on racism and in which it still runs rampant. Very few, if any, white people in contemporary America have or can elude the racist virus b e cause it is ," ubiquitous: cmd deep-seated. But there is one hope, there isa way to work ourseJves out of this sad dilemma -to faco the hard, cold, cruel reali ty of the racic~J cris is.Because tho vague and accusatory word racist· ", ~onnotes []D " otrert, virulent bigot clubbing poor def ensel e ss Negroes, whito liberals concerned with social justice, don't like to see the term bandied about. Doubtless, this is a typical Swarthmore reaction. Be'cause some of our best friends are white liberals, many SASS members are careful with their racial labels. Yet to many "Love me" liberals, the term white liberal itself must seem at times an epfthet. Whatever the label, all are members of the Master Race in a society in which the legitimllt~d belief in the inferiority of Blacks is deeply ingrained, and pervasive. Every white is not to blame for a racist America, but every white is in some degree responsible. , Thus to combat Smith an~ r~~BiS of Swarthmore Colle£A7 ~lle liberal Quaker school has a r8sponsible racism pn~ uqvance racial equality. We hope that Prosident Dwarthmore College will not turn their backs on the greater this century. "", SASS proceeds with a clear conscience, can Swarthmore College?' ~ The Swarthmore Afro-Ame rical1 Students' Society �S4ARTH M 0:1E COLLEGE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 8 January 1969 To the Faculty, Staff, and Students: Opening a meeting of the Faculty nf Swarthmore College on Tuesday afternoon, 7 "Janua.ry 1969, President Smith announced that the faculty will meet weekly throughout January, and as ~ong as is necessary thereafter, to discuss four important topic~ ln the following order: 1) black admissions policy, 2) the proposed Black Studies program, 3) the proposed Student Week, and 4) the reports of the Student Life Committee and the Expanded Student Affairs Committee. President Smith, after briefly reviewing the history of the continuing efforts of Swarthmore College to recruit and enroll black students, reported to the faculty on his meeting with SASS on Monday, 6 January 1969, in which he discussed with them their demands made 23 December 1968, and explained more fully his response which was set forth in a memorandum to the faculty on 31 Dl')cember 1968. He said that SASS had insisted that the President make a strong statemept to the Faculty calling for the College to accept and implement SASS's demands. In the general discussion that followed, a number of faculty members urged that lines of direct communication be opened between the faculty and SASS in order that members of SASS, as well as the student body at large, be made aware of the deep concern felt by the entire faculty over the problem of black admissions at Swarthmore and in order that SASS could discuss these problems with the faculty. It was suggested that members of SASS be invited to a meeting of the faculty to participate in the dis~ussion, or, alternatively, that SASS be invited to hold a forum open to the faculty ~nd members of the student body for such discussion. When it was pointed out that only ten members of the f~culty had attended the meeting sponsored by SASS and the Student Council at 12:30 this afternoon (7 January), many members of the fa~ulty indicated that they had not yet received notice of this meeting. Several members of the faculty, noting the substantial areas of agreement between the demands of SASS and the proposals of the Admissions Policy Committee (30 December 68), suggested. that the faculty take immediate action on those proposals on wh~ch there was SUbstantial agreement. Others, however, felt that thls would represent only token action on the part of the faculty, and that the overall implications of all proposals deserved careful and serious disc:uflsion and e onelderatjoll in the meetings now scheduled. �" -2President Smi th s aid that he felt almost everyone in this community wishe d to achieve th u goals that determine the major thrust of the report of the Admissions Policy Committee and the demands of SASS. He said he was sure there was no disagreement about increasing the number of blac k students, fa culty members , and administrators. A judgment a'uout nV.mbers of high risk studen te does involve a basic issue to be re s olved by t he faculty. Swart hmore College has historically defined it s elf a s a colle g e with a highly selected student body and a challenging academic program ,. In the light of cur~ent social urgencies, should the College redef in e itself, and if so, to what extent and in what direction ? The faculty decided first to consid 8r the proposals cf S.ASS and of the Admissions Policy Committee, and voted to base i ts discussion on the SASS demands. In the ensuing lengthy and co m l ex p discussion, however, it became apparent that the SASS demands en t!3.iled complications and implications that w',') re not immediately a pparent and could not be resolved in this first meeting on thA s·..1bject. The faculty, however, unanimously passed the followin g resolution, based upon the memorandum from the Student Council : IIW0 favor a sUbstantial increase in the number of black students. We favor immediate interim steps t o increase the number of black s t udents in the class of 1973 (i nc l.uding the admission of " ris k" students). We recognize the need for a more viable life for b lack s "t.~udents here (including the appointment of black administrato l's and counselors). II In conclusion, the faculty passed the following motion by a unanimous vote: II That the f acult y in vi te SASS to a meet i ng with the faculty next Friday between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m., or at their convenience before Friday." David Cowden Secretary to the Faculty �January To~ From~ 9, 1969 The College CO :'1'1111 j_ty .n Student Council student Council met again v '!ednesday afternoon and evening to discuss recent developments relating to black admissions. '\liTe greatly appreciated the resolution which the faculty made at its Tuesday evening meeting. We understand this resolution to include~ (1) a commitment to a, substantial increase in the number of black students; (2) a commitment to i mmediate interim steps to increase the number of black students in the Class of 1973 (including the admission of "risk" students); (3) a recognition of the need for a more viable life for black students here (including the appointment of black administrators and counselors). Rowever we regard faculty endorsement of the formation of a commiitee consisting of members of the Admissions Policy Committee, membe rs of SASS , consultants, and other students to be equally i m perative. We urge immediate implementation of this SASS demand which calls for student participation---partiriularly black student participation--in the decision-making process . Student Council has considered this to be an important issue all semester. A basic cause of the present crisis is the lack of student and black participation as an integral part of the decisionmaking process. We recognize that there are two distinct perspectives to be considered---a white perspective and a black perspective. Both must be heard at all levels; both must be respect ed. A significant decision-making role for blacks in the college must be created. l;J e consider the joint committee to have two basic functions~ 1) to establish a long-range philosophy governing black admissions policy; 2) to work out the details of i mplementat ion of faculty decisions. For example, if the faculty recommends establishing a supportive program for "risk" students, it would be the job of:' the joint committee to decide precis81y what that supportive program would consist of. What ' is ne~ded now is a clear and sincere commitment on the part of the faculty by passage of the substantive demands. \ATe feel that the faculty1s decision to use the SASS demands as its agenda is a step in that direction. "'Te understand that these are difficult problems to resolve in a seemingly short time, but we also sympathize with the impatience of S~S8 and otber students. In short, it must be recognized that this is a crisis situat ion and that immediate action is absclutely necessary. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Courtney Smith Papers Description An account of the resource Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Courtney Smith's time there. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Memorandum from Courtney Smith to Board, 01/09/1969] Description An account of the resource Box 20, Board of Managers 1966-1969 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Courtney Smith Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF 1969 sit-in Board of Managers Faculty President's Office SASS Student Council http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/3946a1a3f1df11d55d158a40b560592e.pdf 2281a9f7062746f24b4785acb1d878d8 PDF Text Text ��� ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Historical Library General Reference Files Description An account of the resource This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Invitation to meeting at Media Fellowship House] Description An account of the resource SASS Material 1969 (part 1) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Woodson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF 1969 sit-in Clinton Etheridge Media Fellowship House Robert Woodson http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/b3ab2789e4aad18e533e1674e09fa353.jpg 817da02c398cd3e29b52d4aa314bda4e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Historical Library General Reference Files Description An account of the resource This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memorandum Re: Reporting of freshman grades Description An account of the resource SASS Material 1969 (part 1) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chuck Gilbert Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/568bf239f6ff7e7ec9bd4145b11acd60.jpg 2393eb2fc3bb0e3fd4bbb4035e6f75ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Historical Library General Reference Files Description An account of the resource This collection contains a series of folders in the Friends Historical Library that are not part of any particular collection. Most of the documents pertain to SASS, the BCC, and Black Studies. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Swarthmore College Calendar 01/09/1969 Description An account of the resource SASS Material 1969 (part 1) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [none] Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/609ad96820471b22ebd5816e57065d5c.jpg 61e15e718c002072f51f61c101ff85fd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Courtney Smith Papers Description An account of the resource Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Courtney Smith's time there. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Friends Historical Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Open Letter from Joseph Shane, 01/09/1969] Description An account of the resource Box 10, Black Crisis Sept. 1968 - Jan. 12 1969 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joseph Shane Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG 1969 sit-in Black admissions Faculty President's Office http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/88b1f085ced00ab9ba2b79b6f9db220e.jpg 386a590ecebe027b841f4714ba947bdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Delaware County Daily Times Description An account of the resource A daily newspaper with headquarters in Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The articles, editorials and announcements included here were published between September 1968 and December 1972. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived McCabe Library Microfilm Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Effigy Burned at College Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [none] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Delaware County Daily Times Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG 1969 sit-in http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/496703f472dfe2a87a48e5d25eefdeaa.jpg bb191d77696de6f9ad8d33e51270a646 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Holly Robinson and Aundrea White Kelley with unidentified student. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Aundrea White (Kelley) Holly Robinson http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/a0ab46f04fb04da583c6c076548fd0be.jpg 51c0dcc89e7ff304be90579c73ea7bbd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Delmar Thompson with another student (possibly Cheryl Whittington) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpg 1969 sit-in Delmar Thompson http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/0a2bc87415f898df9bf35f93c543a7d0.jpg 477aab2b093d28cf4612c10bac8c4534 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Myra Rose trimming Tralance Addy's hair. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Myra Rose http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/bb4cd6cc96abf5744683a7a7ea3fa0f5.jpg 8b156c98aaf6c7f384b4092c0aa19127 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Frisby and Aundrea White Kelley at "private" entrance to Admissions Office during the 1969 sit-in Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Aundrea White (Kelley) Russell Frisby http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/1a02d617b0abbae5d3b9ec0b093de1ac.jpg a18eed2327729687d9e358d801ebb4f6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael Graves, Don Mizell, and Michael Smith speaking with Deans Robert Barr and Frederick Hargadon during the 1969 sit-in Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Don Mizell Frederick Hargadon Michael Graves http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/6cd9e67af5a5fe864d76561edfa1fe17.jpg 3cec9f1ee20dd42288ac10271e3e0d65 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marilyn Allman Maye and Aundrea White Kelley at the door of the Admissions Office Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Aundrea White (Kelley) Marilyn Allman (Maye) http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/23af5f23b400169eb360fb46b7604449.jpg d4ccdc3e78f0564d00274bc0f4592a28 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Don Mizell, Clinton Etheridge, George Harrison, Aundrea White Kelley, and Michael Smith with Dean Barr Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Aundrea White (Kelley) Clinton Etheridge Don Mizell http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/d03d4ad43fa0a7486403fc0bc56ec35b.jpg 96a4f656da96f159a825f190c0758d31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael Hucles (leaning) speaking with Bernard Green (seated) while another person stands nearby Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Bernard Green Michael Hucles http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/508e2af12f0f8777c6fdb0ca97403dda.jpg 1843bd2475f877f56016208df7fba8cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1969 Sit-In Photographs Description An account of the resource Black and white photographs of SASS during the sit-in at the Admissions Office in Parrish Hall, which began on January 9 and ended on January 16, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold Buchanan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael Smith, Michael Graves, and George Harrison with others Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harold Buchanan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1969-01/16/1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg 1969 sit-in Michael Graves