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SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
1 September 1971
Enclosed is a statement which elaborates in greater detail than previously College policy regarding privacy and confidentiality at Swarthmore. It is incorporated in the Faculty Handbook which will be distributed to all faculty members. Additional copies will be available in the Library and the President's Office.
Robert D. Cross President
�II-10 PRESERVATION OF PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS Members of the College community are frequently asked for information about other persons in the Swarthmore community. The guideliries in Part I of this policy statement deal with questions of privacy; those in Part II with problems of confidentiality of official records. Any staff member in doubt about the application of tffe~~ guidelines to a particular situation should consult his supervisor; any faculty member or student with such a question should consult an appropriate member of the College administration. Departures from the guidelines may be made only by express permission of the President.
P~rt
I
Privacy of Students, Faculty, Staff 1. Verification of the authenticity of requests for information.
The credentials of any person requesting information should be checked. All police officials, government agents , and journalists have identification cards with photographs. If there is doubt about the authenticity of an identification card , the office of the person requesting the information should be called , and an attempt made to determine whether the request has been duly authorized. If requests for information concerning a member of the College community are received by mail, that person should, whenever pOSSible, be consulted to verify the legitimacy of the request. Agents of the F.B.I. or members of other investigative agencies of the government checking applicants for federal employment should be asked to show an authorization signed by the person under investigation, or similar evidence that the investigation has a specific, legitimate purpose related to employment or promotion in the government. If the investigator does not have such eVidence, he should be asked to secure it before information is given. 2. Ideas and Information.
In a college community, students, faculty members , and staff will learn much about the ideas and beliefs of one another. This process should not be contaminated by the fear that ideas and beliefs, expressions and convictions, are being surreptitiously monitored, or systematically reported to persons or agencies outside the community. Intellectual freedom and mutual trust are indispensible to one another. In classrooms and seminars , in informal discussions in dormitories, dining rooms, and libraries, teachers and students must be free to adventure in ideas and expressions. The communications system of the College, including the telephone and mail facilities, may not be used for surveillance. Messages to and from members of the College community must not be intercepted or monitored, nor information about the origin or destination of messages collected. Information fortuitously gained by those operating the communications system should not be passed on to others. Information gained in the cleaning of faculty offices student rooms, or other facilities is confidential , unless a violation of the law or of College regulations is apparent, in which case appropriate College authorities are to be notified.
�,"
II-ll
When members of the community observe cr:i1n:inal activity, the Deans or the Director of the Physical Plant or the Head Residents of dormito~ies or Proctors should be called whenever possible; if it is necessary to call the police, such College authorities normally place the call.
3. Special areas of privacy.
Although investigcr,t ions by government agencies usually do not require the respondent to divulge specific information, they usually request an evaluation of such information -- for example, the evaluation of a student's or faculty member's ideas, statements, or behavior. If the respondent feels that the subject to be recommended is not suited to the position for which he has applied, for reasons unrelated to his academic abilities, the respondent should exercise utmost care and discretion in his statement; it is possible and often advisable to give a negative recommendation without stating reasons. If the respondent feels any doubt about the loyalty of a current or past member of the College commul1ity because of his thoughts, opinions, statements, or beliefs, as distinct from his character or stability of personality, a 'Vlritten statement to the investigating authority l-Jill minimize the possibility of ambiguity or misunderstanding. Whenever possible or appropriate, a copy should also be sent to the person under investigation so that he may have the opportunity of presenting the investigating agency with a rebuttal. Police and F.B.I. officials have, on occasion, sought information about the College community, or organizations or individuals within it, l-Jhich bears no clear relation to any criminal activity or employment situation. Such requests should be referred to the appropriate job-supervisor, Dean, or Provost. Hormally, requests for information by the news media are referred to the Ne't'1s Office. Requests for information from outside organizations or research groups are normally handled by the Registrar. There may be occasions on which a faculty or staff member may wish to seek counsel from another member of the community in regard to difficulties he is aware of in a stUdent or faculty member's ability to perform his work. In such an event, scrupulous regard must be shown to the privacy to which the person under discussion is preeminent~ entitled. The rooms of stUdents are accorded as much privacy as possible, but such privacy is not absolute. The College provides maid service for stUdent rooms; it instructs maids not to open drawers or closets, but to report to appropriate authorities in the College visible violations of the la't"l or College policies. 1'10reover, the College reserves the right to make inspections of dormitory premises when there are grounds for suspecting violations therein. Such inspections are conducted by College personnel with witnesses present. If major ~e pair work is to be performed on a student's room during his absence, he is normally notified in advance.
�II-12
No student is obliged to comply with surveys or questionnaires that .may reach him, except for official College inquiries. Problems regarding .the ethics of research method or other similar issues associated with questionnaires and surveys may be referred to the Committee on Research Ethics, or to the Deans. 4. Sanctions. The College wil~, apply sanctions to individuals violating the policies contained in this statement. All members of the College community should be kept thoroughly familiar with these policies . and their preeminent importance to the well-being of the College.
Part II C9_n:(Js!5, !ial.i.!x, of m 1. Student Records.
E.eco~ds
A student is entitled to an official transcript of his own academic record (subject ~nly to the conditions listed below, under ~~t~El!9..~dj.n..2 of IIl£9.;-~.e_!j,.2El.' pag~'.II-l'S). It is College policy that all other materials in student files are confidential. No student is permitted to see the transcript or academic record of another student without written permission by the person whose transcript is involved. A student has the right to inspect his academic record (from which transcripts are made), and is entitled to an explanation of any information recorded on it. vJhen the original is shown, examination is permitted only under conditions which will prevent al teration or mutiliation. A student who wishes to request copies of his transcript must do so in writing. A telephoned request for copies of a transcript by an alumnus will be honored only at the discretion of the Registrar. Documents submitted by or for a student in support of his application for admission to Swarthmore are not returned to the student, nor sent elsewhere. In exceptional cases, copies may be prepared and sent elsewhere upon the written request of the student. The financial records held by the f-:dvisor on Financial Aid, and a11 medical records are disclosed neither to the student himself nor to any other student.
�'.
11-13
Disc-l<?_~ t~ ~.£u..~1=x an,,2 Ad!!li1,!~_~j.!__~~!.i~~ Qt.~~£~f~· -
"
-' ' , Faculty and administrative officers of the College who legitimate interest are permitted to inspect the academic record of any student. The contents of the official academic record of a student are not sent outside the Office of the Registrar except in circumstances specifically authorized by the Registrar. Non-academic records of students are not disclosed' to faculty members or administrative officers • 1\ ' . . except under c~rcumstances ~n wh~ch the need for such records can be clearly demonstrated.
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The College does not routinely inform a student's parents of his grades, but such information may be released to parents who request it at the discretion of the Deans or Registrar. Requests from institutions of learning or other agencies for transcripts or other academic information must be accompanied by a written release from the student. The Office of Financial Aid normally reports the academic progress of students to public or private agencies providing scholarship assistance. The materials in a student's placement file (should one exist) are released to prospective employers only when the student requests such a release, or when it is clear that the prospective employer's request is the result of an application for employment by the student. Neither non-academic records of students, nor information taken from these records are released to educational institutions, or other agencies, except with the eh~ress permission of the student involved. Aggregate statistics derived from academic or non-academic records may be released only at the discretion of the Provost or President, provided that individual anonymity is carefully safeguarded. Permission to study student records as a source for scholarly work, whether or not such work is being performed at Swarthmore College, and whether or not the nrunes of students will be used in the study, will not be granted except with the written approval of the President or Provost.
�·.
11-14
A~tnistrative offices of the College will furnish information to other 'individuals or organizations only as per those items listed under Telephone Inquiries (page 11-15), unless the request is accompanied by a release from the student.
Disclosure to Governmental Agencies Properly identified representatives from federal, state, and local governmental agencies may be given the following information if expressly requested: (1) (2)
(3)
~
verification of the date and place of birth; class; dates of enrollment;
(4) major, degrees earned, honors received, if .any.
Such information is taken from the student's permanent record, but the investigating agent is not permitted access to the record itself. Concerning the release of further information, it should be noted that governmental investigative agencies have no inherent legal right to access to student files and records. When additional information is requested, it is normally released only on written authorization from the student, and even in this case the College reserves the right to withhold such information. If the student does not give authorization, the information is released only on court order, or subpoena duces tecum. If a subpoena is served, the student whose records are involved is notified. The College does not volunteer information about students to Selective Service Boards, except by specific request from the student or his local Board. When the College receives inquiries about a student from a local Board, it attempts to notify the student before responding.
�·
"
,.
II-15
Disclds~e in Response to Telephone Inguiries
Only those items determined by the College to be matters of public record are released in response to telephone inquiries. Such items include:
~\
l-1hether or not the student is currently enrolledj his or her graduation class; major, degree earned, honors received, if any. The College does not normally release addresses of students currently enrolled in response to inquiries from outside. Urgent requests for information about stUdents (for example, address, telephone number, or immediate "1hereabouts) based on an apparent emergency are handled with appropriate discretion qy College authorities. Student Directories Directories giving the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of all students are intended for internal use only. Withholding Information There may be conditions such as unmet financial obligations to the College under which the College t~illl'lithhold grade reports, transcripts, certifications, or other information about a student. In such instances, the College will inform the student in writing of the reasons for withholding records. 2 • Al1.Ulllli Rec ords The alumni files are open to members of the College administration in pursuit of normal College tasks. Such information is not available to the Hews Office for publication 't-lithout the consent of the individuals involved. The News Office may, however, release aggregate information derived from the alumni files for College publicity purposes. Use of alumni files for research purposes must be approved by the Provost and the Vice President for Alumni Affairs.
.
�"
.
II-16 Infermatien in the alwnni files cencerning addresse" maiden .or s, names, and the like is available te alumni. Infermatien designatedas I1Ubl:Lc inf.ormatien (dates .of enrollment, graduating class, majer, degree earned, henors received, if any) that cencerns a persen's academic career can be released t.o anyene with a legitimate request.
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3. Faculty Rec.ords
Recerds .on facuity ~embers ar~ maintained by the President's and Prev.ost's Offices, by the Business Office, and by department chairmen. Files maintained by the Office .of the President and Office .of the Pr.ovest are held in strictest c.onfidence; their centents are revealed te ne .one .other than the President, Prevest, and Vice President fer Administration. In particular cases, h.ol'Jever, these .officers may release selected infermati.on t.o department chairmen .or te faculty gr.oups specified te review appeintment .or reappeintment decisi.ons, as designated by faculty-appreved precedures. Public inf.ormati.on abeut faculty members such as their rank, length .of empleyment, educati.on, and the ceurses they teach may be given in respense te any legitimate request. Financial inf.ormatien requested by credit bureaus .or ether agencies cannet be released except by written permissi.on .of the persen invelved .or except by c.ourt .order. Other persenal inf.ormatien c.ontained in .official files is strictly c.onfidential. Public infermatien abeut faculty members based .on materials fr.om .official recerds may be released by the Nelis Office. The News Office also releases .other infermatien supplied by the persen abeut whem inquiries are made. Prefessienal infermati.on such as educatien, publicatiens, awards and prizes, and research eff.orts, may be released by the Cellege te suppert institutienal grant requests. The C.ollege requests that such infermatien be held cenfidential by the recipient. Aggregate statistics based en inf.ormati.on in .official recerds is released .only at the discretien .of the Prevest, President .or Vice President fer Administratien. Such infermatien is net released fer c.olTlIl1ercial purpeses.
4.
Staff Recerds Recerds en staff members are maintained by the Persennel Office and the Business Office. Public infermatien ab.out staff members includes the employing department and the peried .of empleyment. Financial inf.ormatien requested by credit bureaus .or ether agencies cannet be released except by written permissi.on .of the persen invelved .or by c.ourt .order. All ether inf.ormatien c.ontained in .official files is c.onfidential. In case an evaluatien .of perfermance .of a present .or past empleyee must be made fer a reference fer .other empleyment, the .official files may be censulted at the discretien .of the persennel .officer. Aggregate statistical inf.ormatien abeut staff members that is based en .official rec.ords can be released .only at the discreti.on .of the Pr.ovest, Vice President fer Administratien, .or President. Such infermati.on is net released fer ' primarily cemmercial purpeses.
�
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
1 September 1971
Enclosed is a statement which elaborates in greater detail than previously College policy regarding privacy and confidentiality at Swarthmore. It is incorporated in the Faculty Handbook which will be distributed to all faculty members. Additional copies will be available in the Library and the President's Office.
Robert D. Cross President
�II-10 PRESERVATION OF PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS Members of the College community are frequently asked for information about other persons in the Swarthmore community. The guideliries in Part I of this policy statement deal with questions of privacy; those in Part II with problems of confidentiality of official records. Any staff member in doubt about the application of tffe~~ guidelines to a particular situation should consult his supervisor; any faculty member or student with such a question should consult an appropriate member of the College administration. Departures from the guidelines may be made only by express permission of the President.
P~rt
I
Privacy of Students, Faculty, Staff 1. Verification of the authenticity of requests for information.
The credentials of any person requesting information should be checked. All police officials, government agents , and journalists have identification cards with photographs. If there is doubt about the authenticity of an identification card , the office of the person requesting the information should be called , and an attempt made to determine whether the request has been duly authorized. If requests for information concerning a member of the College community are received by mail, that person should, whenever pOSSible, be consulted to verify the legitimacy of the request. Agents of the F.B.I. or members of other investigative agencies of the government checking applicants for federal employment should be asked to show an authorization signed by the person under investigation, or similar evidence that the investigation has a specific, legitimate purpose related to employment or promotion in the government. If the investigator does not have such eVidence, he should be asked to secure it before information is given. 2. Ideas and Information.
In a college community, students, faculty members , and staff will learn much about the ideas and beliefs of one another. This process should not be contaminated by the fear that ideas and beliefs, expressions and convictions, are being surreptitiously monitored, or systematically reported to persons or agencies outside the community. Intellectual freedom and mutual trust are indispensible to one another. In classrooms and seminars , in informal discussions in dormitories, dining rooms, and libraries, teachers and students must be free to adventure in ideas and expressions. The communications system of the College, including the telephone and mail facilities, may not be used for surveillance. Messages to and from members of the College community must not be intercepted or monitored, nor information about the origin or destination of messages collected. Information fortuitously gained by those operating the communications system should not be passed on to others. Information gained in the cleaning of faculty offices student rooms, or other facilities is confidential , unless a violation of the law or of College regulations is apparent, in which case appropriate College authorities are to be notified.
�,"
II-ll
When members of the community observe cr:i1n:inal activity, the Deans or the Director of the Physical Plant or the Head Residents of dormito~ies or Proctors should be called whenever possible; if it is necessary to call the police, such College authorities normally place the call.
3. Special areas of privacy.
Although investigcr,t ions by government agencies usually do not require the respondent to divulge specific information, they usually request an evaluation of such information -- for example, the evaluation of a student's or faculty member's ideas, statements, or behavior. If the respondent feels that the subject to be recommended is not suited to the position for which he has applied, for reasons unrelated to his academic abilities, the respondent should exercise utmost care and discretion in his statement; it is possible and often advisable to give a negative recommendation without stating reasons. If the respondent feels any doubt about the loyalty of a current or past member of the College commul1ity because of his thoughts, opinions, statements, or beliefs, as distinct from his character or stability of personality, a 'Vlritten statement to the investigating authority l-Jill minimize the possibility of ambiguity or misunderstanding. Whenever possible or appropriate, a copy should also be sent to the person under investigation so that he may have the opportunity of presenting the investigating agency with a rebuttal. Police and F.B.I. officials have, on occasion, sought information about the College community, or organizations or individuals within it, l-Jhich bears no clear relation to any criminal activity or employment situation. Such requests should be referred to the appropriate job-supervisor, Dean, or Provost. Hormally, requests for information by the news media are referred to the Ne't'1s Office. Requests for information from outside organizations or research groups are normally handled by the Registrar. There may be occasions on which a faculty or staff member may wish to seek counsel from another member of the community in regard to difficulties he is aware of in a stUdent or faculty member's ability to perform his work. In such an event, scrupulous regard must be shown to the privacy to which the person under discussion is preeminent~ entitled. The rooms of stUdents are accorded as much privacy as possible, but such privacy is not absolute. The College provides maid service for stUdent rooms; it instructs maids not to open drawers or closets, but to report to appropriate authorities in the College visible violations of the la't"l or College policies. 1'10reover, the College reserves the right to make inspections of dormitory premises when there are grounds for suspecting violations therein. Such inspections are conducted by College personnel with witnesses present. If major ~e pair work is to be performed on a student's room during his absence, he is normally notified in advance.
�II-12
No student is obliged to comply with surveys or questionnaires that .may reach him, except for official College inquiries. Problems regarding .the ethics of research method or other similar issues associated with questionnaires and surveys may be referred to the Committee on Research Ethics, or to the Deans. 4. Sanctions. The College wil~, apply sanctions to individuals violating the policies contained in this statement. All members of the College community should be kept thoroughly familiar with these policies . and their preeminent importance to the well-being of the College.
Part II C9_n:(Js!5, !ial.i.!x, of m 1. Student Records.
E.eco~ds
A student is entitled to an official transcript of his own academic record (subject ~nly to the conditions listed below, under ~~t~El!9..~dj.n..2 of IIl£9.;-~.e_!j,.2El.' pag~'.II-l'S). It is College policy that all other materials in student files are confidential. No student is permitted to see the transcript or academic record of another student without written permission by the person whose transcript is involved. A student has the right to inspect his academic record (from which transcripts are made), and is entitled to an explanation of any information recorded on it. vJhen the original is shown, examination is permitted only under conditions which will prevent al teration or mutiliation. A student who wishes to request copies of his transcript must do so in writing. A telephoned request for copies of a transcript by an alumnus will be honored only at the discretion of the Registrar. Documents submitted by or for a student in support of his application for admission to Swarthmore are not returned to the student, nor sent elsewhere. In exceptional cases, copies may be prepared and sent elsewhere upon the written request of the student. The financial records held by the f-:dvisor on Financial Aid, and a11 medical records are disclosed neither to the student himself nor to any other student.
�'.
11-13
Disc-l<?_~ t~ ~.£u..~1=x an,,2 Ad!!li1,!~_~j.!__~~!.i~~ Qt.~~£~f~· -
"
-' ' , Faculty and administrative officers of the College who legitimate interest are permitted to inspect the academic record of any student. The contents of the official academic record of a student are not sent outside the Office of the Registrar except in circumstances specifically authorized by the Registrar. Non-academic records of students are not disclosed' to faculty members or administrative officers • 1\ ' . . except under c~rcumstances ~n wh~ch the need for such records can be clearly demonstrated.
have ~ a
The College does not routinely inform a student's parents of his grades, but such information may be released to parents who request it at the discretion of the Deans or Registrar. Requests from institutions of learning or other agencies for transcripts or other academic information must be accompanied by a written release from the student. The Office of Financial Aid normally reports the academic progress of students to public or private agencies providing scholarship assistance. The materials in a student's placement file (should one exist) are released to prospective employers only when the student requests such a release, or when it is clear that the prospective employer's request is the result of an application for employment by the student. Neither non-academic records of students, nor information taken from these records are released to educational institutions, or other agencies, except with the eh~ress permission of the student involved. Aggregate statistics derived from academic or non-academic records may be released only at the discretion of the Provost or President, provided that individual anonymity is carefully safeguarded. Permission to study student records as a source for scholarly work, whether or not such work is being performed at Swarthmore College, and whether or not the nrunes of students will be used in the study, will not be granted except with the written approval of the President or Provost.
�·.
11-14
A~tnistrative offices of the College will furnish information to other 'individuals or organizations only as per those items listed under Telephone Inquiries (page 11-15), unless the request is accompanied by a release from the student.
Disclosure to Governmental Agencies Properly identified representatives from federal, state, and local governmental agencies may be given the following information if expressly requested: (1) (2)
(3)
~
verification of the date and place of birth; class; dates of enrollment;
(4) major, degrees earned, honors received, if .any.
Such information is taken from the student's permanent record, but the investigating agent is not permitted access to the record itself. Concerning the release of further information, it should be noted that governmental investigative agencies have no inherent legal right to access to student files and records. When additional information is requested, it is normally released only on written authorization from the student, and even in this case the College reserves the right to withhold such information. If the student does not give authorization, the information is released only on court order, or subpoena duces tecum. If a subpoena is served, the student whose records are involved is notified. The College does not volunteer information about students to Selective Service Boards, except by specific request from the student or his local Board. When the College receives inquiries about a student from a local Board, it attempts to notify the student before responding.
�·
"
,.
II-15
Disclds~e in Response to Telephone Inguiries
Only those items determined by the College to be matters of public record are released in response to telephone inquiries. Such items include:
~\
l-1hether or not the student is currently enrolledj his or her graduation class; major, degree earned, honors received, if any. The College does not normally release addresses of students currently enrolled in response to inquiries from outside. Urgent requests for information about stUdents (for example, address, telephone number, or immediate "1hereabouts) based on an apparent emergency are handled with appropriate discretion qy College authorities. Student Directories Directories giving the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of all students are intended for internal use only. Withholding Information There may be conditions such as unmet financial obligations to the College under which the College t~illl'lithhold grade reports, transcripts, certifications, or other information about a student. In such instances, the College will inform the student in writing of the reasons for withholding records. 2 • Al1.Ulllli Rec ords The alumni files are open to members of the College administration in pursuit of normal College tasks. Such information is not available to the Hews Office for publication 't-lithout the consent of the individuals involved. The News Office may, however, release aggregate information derived from the alumni files for College publicity purposes. Use of alumni files for research purposes must be approved by the Provost and the Vice President for Alumni Affairs.
.
�"
.
II-16 Infermatien in the alwnni files cencerning addresse" maiden .or s, names, and the like is available te alumni. Infermatien designatedas I1Ubl:Lc inf.ormatien (dates .of enrollment, graduating class, majer, degree earned, henors received, if any) that cencerns a persen's academic career can be released t.o anyene with a legitimate request.
marrie~
3. Faculty Rec.ords
Recerds .on facuity ~embers ar~ maintained by the President's and Prev.ost's Offices, by the Business Office, and by department chairmen. Files maintained by the Office .of the President and Office .of the Pr.ovest are held in strictest c.onfidence; their centents are revealed te ne .one .other than the President, Prevest, and Vice President fer Administration. In particular cases, h.ol'Jever, these .officers may release selected infermati.on t.o department chairmen .or te faculty gr.oups specified te review appeintment .or reappeintment decisi.ons, as designated by faculty-appreved precedures. Public inf.ormati.on abeut faculty members such as their rank, length .of empleyment, educati.on, and the ceurses they teach may be given in respense te any legitimate request. Financial inf.ormatien requested by credit bureaus .or ether agencies cannet be released except by written permissi.on .of the persen invelved .or except by c.ourt .order. Other persenal inf.ormatien c.ontained in .official files is strictly c.onfidential. Public infermatien abeut faculty members based .on materials fr.om .official recerds may be released by the Nelis Office. The News Office also releases .other infermatien supplied by the persen abeut whem inquiries are made. Prefessienal infermati.on such as educatien, publicatiens, awards and prizes, and research eff.orts, may be released by the Cellege te suppert institutienal grant requests. The C.ollege requests that such infermatien be held cenfidential by the recipient. Aggregate statistics based en inf.ormati.on in .official recerds is released .only at the discretien .of the Prevest, President .or Vice President fer Administratien. Such infermatien is net released fer c.olTlIl1ercial purpeses.
4.
Staff Recerds Recerds en staff members are maintained by the Persennel Office and the Business Office. Public infermatien ab.out staff members includes the employing department and the peried .of empleyment. Financial inf.ormatien requested by credit bureaus .or ether agencies cannet be released except by written permissi.on .of the persen invelved .or by c.ourt .order. All ether inf.ormatien c.ontained in .official files is c.onfidential. In case an evaluatien .of perfermance .of a present .or past empleyee must be made fer a reference fer .other empleyment, the .official files may be censulted at the discretien .of the persennel .officer. Aggregate statistical inf.ormatien abeut staff members that is based en .official rec.ords can be released .only at the discreti.on .of the Pr.ovest, Vice President fer Administratien, .or President. Such infermati.on is net released fer ' primarily cemmercial purpeses.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Preservation of Privacy and Confidentiality of Records
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
[Robert Cross]
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
09/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/d517931d6a24acec4408912a9608c4c6.pdf
78cdc697d6c1d1bf4dbb9bd487e6adc9
PDF Text
Text
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
SWARTHMORE . PENNSYLVANIA 19081
,.
OF'FlCE OF' THE PRESID E NT
(215) KI 4· 7900
7 April 1971
To all members of th e College community: I had assumed that al~ of us recogniz e d what constituted proper relations with those individuals and agencies, public and private, off- campus and on-campus, with whom members of the College comnunity come in contact. I t is unreasonable to assume that there "Jill be ~. contact; the College c annot try to be a s e cret society, and it would be as impossible, as it would be unwise to try, to enforce such an expectation. We cannot presume that members of the commun ity wil l remain on all occasions si lent about the college life they are a part of. The College needs to be in contact with the I10utside world l1 on such diverse matters as the cert ifi cation of student enrollment and achievement, the availability of fire and police protection, the visits of scholars from other institutions, the presenc e of neighbors and friends at social, cultural, educational, and athletic events, etc. But all of us must recognize that at times we have access to information ab out individuals and groups at the Coll ege because we are specially privile ged to be members of the College community. We all have an obl igation to be responsible and discreet about how we communi cat e thi s information. The recent publication of a spate o f documents allege dly stolen from the FBI sug_· gests the possibility tha t some individuals have gone beyond the limit s of reasonable coop eration, by supplying information which is esp ecial ly privileged - private to individuals or the College. For the past week, I have been investigati ~ every allegation that has been published, l phoned in, or shown to me o r my associates that implied that persons in this community - student s, fac ulty, members of the staff - have given out information that was con fidential. I have refrained from acting on the basis of anonymous information, and I have avoided, and will continue to avoid, any use of surreptitious info rman ts, eavesdropping, or any othe r kind of one -sided surveillance. I don't believe that a coll ege can remain a co llege and indulge in such activities. I have not yet found any conclusive evidence that any member cf the College community has been guilty of wrong-doing in this respec t .
�Yet I feel -obliged to make perfectly clear to all members of this community that they-must exercise intelligent restraint in divulging information, except that required by law or by college policy arid practice, to any individuals, public or private, outside the community. Not to heed this injunction is to put in jeopardy one's right to further participation in the community. Where doubt exists about the propriety of con~unicating information (however obtained) about the community to individuals or agencies outside the c0nn-nunity, . the individual should consult in advance with an apprrpriate officer of the College. I may add that I have made vigorous representations to public authorities - federal, state, and local - protesting alleged invasions of the proper autonomies of the College community. Our major rec ours e must be, however, to the self-discipline exercLsed by each of us. I am also designating a committee, made up of faculty, students and members of the administration, to advise me. Included are Mr. Mark Breibart; Mr. Lewis Coole; Mr. Frederick Pryor; Miss Dorothy Robinson; Mr. David Smith; Mr. Jerome Wood. Its major responsibilities will be two -fo ld: to cope with the present situation, alleviating in every T,va y possible harm unjustly done to the reputation of those given notoriety in the documents. Second ly, I hope it will help formulate guidelines that vlill be as explicit as possible about safeguarding of confidential information . I must make two points exp licit. This group wi ll not constitute a court, but rather a committee o r commissio"n - a kind of collective ombudsman for the College c ommunity. Second , I must reserve the responsibility and obligation for action which would be called for, or be implicit in, the r ecommendations of this committee.
Robert D. Cross
. .
-
�
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
SWARTHMORE . PENNSYLVANIA 19081
,.
OF'FlCE OF' THE PRESID E NT
(215) KI 4· 7900
7 April 1971
To all members of th e College community: I had assumed that al~ of us recogniz e d what constituted proper relations with those individuals and agencies, public and private, off- campus and on-campus, with whom members of the College comnunity come in contact. I t is unreasonable to assume that there "Jill be ~. contact; the College c annot try to be a s e cret society, and it would be as impossible, as it would be unwise to try, to enforce such an expectation. We cannot presume that members of the commun ity wil l remain on all occasions si lent about the college life they are a part of. The College needs to be in contact with the I10utside world l1 on such diverse matters as the cert ifi cation of student enrollment and achievement, the availability of fire and police protection, the visits of scholars from other institutions, the presenc e of neighbors and friends at social, cultural, educational, and athletic events, etc. But all of us must recognize that at times we have access to information ab out individuals and groups at the Coll ege because we are specially privile ged to be members of the College community. We all have an obl igation to be responsible and discreet about how we communi cat e thi s information. The recent publication of a spate o f documents allege dly stolen from the FBI sug_· gests the possibility tha t some individuals have gone beyond the limit s of reasonable coop eration, by supplying information which is esp ecial ly privileged - private to individuals or the College. For the past week, I have been investigati ~ every allegation that has been published, l phoned in, or shown to me o r my associates that implied that persons in this community - student s, fac ulty, members of the staff - have given out information that was con fidential. I have refrained from acting on the basis of anonymous information, and I have avoided, and will continue to avoid, any use of surreptitious info rman ts, eavesdropping, or any othe r kind of one -sided surveillance. I don't believe that a coll ege can remain a co llege and indulge in such activities. I have not yet found any conclusive evidence that any member cf the College community has been guilty of wrong-doing in this respec t .
�Yet I feel -obliged to make perfectly clear to all members of this community that they-must exercise intelligent restraint in divulging information, except that required by law or by college policy arid practice, to any individuals, public or private, outside the community. Not to heed this injunction is to put in jeopardy one's right to further participation in the community. Where doubt exists about the propriety of con~unicating information (however obtained) about the community to individuals or agencies outside the c0nn-nunity, . the individual should consult in advance with an apprrpriate officer of the College. I may add that I have made vigorous representations to public authorities - federal, state, and local - protesting alleged invasions of the proper autonomies of the College community. Our major rec ours e must be, however, to the self-discipline exercLsed by each of us. I am also designating a committee, made up of faculty, students and members of the administration, to advise me. Included are Mr. Mark Breibart; Mr. Lewis Coole; Mr. Frederick Pryor; Miss Dorothy Robinson; Mr. David Smith; Mr. Jerome Wood. Its major responsibilities will be two -fo ld: to cope with the present situation, alleviating in every T,va y possible harm unjustly done to the reputation of those given notoriety in the documents. Second ly, I hope it will help formulate guidelines that vlill be as explicit as possible about safeguarding of confidential information . I must make two points exp licit. This group wi ll not constitute a court, but rather a committee o r commissio"n - a kind of collective ombudsman for the College c ommunity. Second , I must reserve the responsibility and obligation for action which would be called for, or be implicit in, the r ecommendations of this committee.
Robert D. Cross
. .
-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to the College Community, 04/07/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/07/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to the College Community 04/29/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/29/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
How G-Men Win Their Letter on Campus
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
[none]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Newsweek
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/26/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Senator Ervin 03/30/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
03/30/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Senator Scott, 06/01/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Senator Schweiker, 06/01/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Congressman Williams 06/01/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Congressman Scheuer 06/01/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Congressman Eilberg 06/01/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/01/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to the Phoenix 04/13/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/13/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to the New York Times, 06/02/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/02/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to chairmen of departments 04/03/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/13/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Marjorie Webb, 05/11/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
05/11/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Judy Feiy, 05/11/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
05/11/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/891d83d9bc5dff645aee9f282dbc98cd.jpg
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Letter from Robert Cross to Henry Fiersol, 05/11/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
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Robert Cross
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
05/11/1971
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JPG
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/e7cfbeb695835f8e2d026c19eb9a9779.pdf
c464b888950498e437d16a126b13b805
PDF Text
Text
"
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore , Pennsylvania 30 A pril 1971
To: From:
Mark Breibart, Lew Cook, Bob Cross, Ning Robinson, Dave Smith, and Jerry W ood Frederic Pryor
~\
Concerning: Proposal for a hearing From the evidence sent by the "Citizens' Commission to I nvestigate the F. B. 1- " and taking into account the considerations . raised at the Special Committee's meeting on April 29, I would like to present a somewhat modified proposal for formal hearings. Our mandate, as I understand it, is to investigate all aspects of the privacy situation at Swarthmore; this includes not only the issues concerning F.B . I. survei llance bbtua l sbeother aspects of the problem. Although we must make some type of judgment about the alleged wrongdoings of Mrs. Fe!y, Mr. Peirsol, and Miss Webb, we have to make a number of other types of decisions as well. The types of- hearings that I propose below have a number of different functions . Before outlining my preliminary opinions about the three staff members implicated in the surveillance prob lem, I would like to discuss briefly the problem of "hearsay evidence . " I. The F . B. I. Papers A. Authenticity Certain documents submitted by the Citizens' Commission are of doubtful authenticity: I refer especially to the handwritten note s or the scribbled notes on some of the official documents. Other documents relate to instruc tions to the F . B.I. from the home office and are not d~ rectly relevant to the alleged wrongdoings of the three staff members . There are, however, a series of documents, mostly on stationery enti tled "United States Government Memorandum" which appear authentic F . B. I . documents. , Two types of internal evidence support this authenticity:
�2
f '·
1. One document to the F . B. I . from William Weidner, _.swa r thmore Chief of Police , details a conversation with Mr . Cratsley and Mr . Stanton which Mr . Cratsley has claimed to be ac curate . 2. Severa l document s .efer to ac t ions by Mis s Webb , which, as I unders tand he r s t atements to the Phoeni x, sh~, ha s admitted . 3 . The F . B. I . conf irmed tha t documents relating to Jacky Reuss had been stolen and several of the documents , whose accuracy was attested by Jacky Reuss , turned up. B. The Hearsay Rule According to my dictionary, the hearsay rule excludes certain out-of-court statements, oral or written, which are offered as evidence . Further, certain types of evidence that are obtained illegally are not admissible . Although these procedures may be necessary in situations where the court has life-or- death powers over an individual, these guidelines are too strict in situations where authentic documents are used to determine whether or not a person should be moved from one position in the college to another . II . The Necessity for Formality As far as I know, the College has never held a hearing in which outside evidence was introduced to influence personne l decisions . I see any hearing that we might hold as an imporpant precedent and, therefore, believe that such a hearing should be conducted with care. In any hearing in which wrongdoing is alleged, I believe that an adversary proceeding is the fairest method of operation. That is, I would like to hear the reasons Mrs . Feiy or her lawyer give me for rejecting the authenticity of the F.B.I . documents. And I would like to hear the strongest possible countercase. I would further like to have notes taken so that there are no possibilities for misunderstandings. Any more informal procedure is not going to protec t the accused in a s effective a manner .
�3 A formal proceeoing also protects the committee from any accusati9n of playing a kangaroo court. Finally , a formal hearing is a concrete action that would satisfy most complaints that the administration has tried to sweep the whole surveillance issue under the rug. We can also announce that recommendations were made to President Cross who theh, at an "appropriate time, can announce his actions. If a record of the proceedings is made, then if any of the three accused desire that the proceedings be made public, a document can be released. III. The Case of Mrs. Feiy A. Charges
1. In the document entitled "United States Memor-
andum 3/13/70", Mrs . Feiy is alleged to have given the F.B.I. the following information about Dan Bennett: a. Bennett was criticized by the administration for inviting speakers uncleared by the College; b. Bennett was criticized by the administration for holding unapproved open discussions about controversal issues; c . Bennett is a radical; d. Bennett has not made any long distance calls to specified people or places in the last month, according to her charge slips. Clearly, only the last piece of information is based on privileged information . The other bits of information could have been gleaned in any number of ways, either legally or otherwise, and I do not feel the re is much we can do about it. 2. Mrs. Feiy has listened in to at least one fe1ephone conversation and made comments to the two people who were talking .
�4
"
B. Linkage between the Two Charges
. -
Both eharges relate to the issue of privacy and, therefore, seem to fall under the purview of our committee (at least in so far as I understand the mandate of our group, although others have disputed this). Both are, I further believe, grounds for removing Mrs. Feiy from her' present position; both may be, although I doubt it, grounds for firing her. Although the second charge could be a matter of concern only between the Personnel Office and Mrs. Feiy, the person raising the complaint did not choose to report the matter until the surveillance issue arose. Although Mrs. Feiy's alleged connections with the F.B . I. and her listening in on a conversation several years ago are unrelated in one sense, they contain elements of a consistent pattern of behavior by Mrs. Feiy and deserve, therefore, to be considered together . Further, separate action by the administration on the part of the second charge would prejudice the proceedings of our committee .
.:-
C. Proposal for a Hearing Any hearing of these charges will probably be quite short, especially since it is likely that she will deny everything. We should request the F.B.I. to send a representative who undoubtedly will not show up. Mrs. Feiy's counsel will undoubtedly cross-examine the two individuals testifying on the second charge and then we will have to come to a decision on whether or not to recommend any action to Bob Cross (who, I presume, will not attend the hearings so that he will not be on both the jury and the administrative bench). Mrs. Feiy should, of course, beinfonned of the charges in advance plus some indication of the evidence with regard to both charges. She should be informed that her refusal to show is equivalent to a nolo contendere plea and that, if she chooses to show up, she can be accompanied by a lawyer or other type of counsel. I think it further advisable to tell her that the maximum penalty would be her transfer to anocher job in the College at the same pay; this may induce her to be more cooperative (although we shouldn't hold our breaths).
�5
"
IV . The Case of Miss \"ebb A. 'Charges 1 . Addordingto the guide line s t ha t Court ney Smith gav e t o members of the admin is tration in November 1965 (which a r e in the F . B.I. fi l es) , Miss Webb was cert ainly' in her ,rights to gi ve the F . B. I. a list of ca tes about when students enrolled or qui t the College. 2. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 11/19/70; , Mlss Webb gave the F.B.I. a number of items on Jacky Reuss which were within the guidelines set out by Courtney Smith. She also, however, told them that Miss Reuss had asked her for her tran~cript to be sent to the University of W isconsin, which exceeded the guidelines. 3. There is also the possibility that Miss W ebb sent the F.B.I. an alphabetized list of black students, although it is not clear from the documents sent by the Citizens' Commission who actually compiled the list. B. Proposal for a Hearing The guidelines set out by Courtney Smith were sufficiently loose and the actions taken by Miss Webb seem sufficiently unimportant that I see little reason at r the present time for making any formal charges against her . Although she is outspoken enough to implicate herself on a number of other charges (e . g . giving transcripts to unauthorized individuals), I have some reluctance for trying to encourage her to hang herself . tVhat our hearing would concern is her ability to live with a set of future guidelines that would prevent he r from giving any transcript information to the F .B.I . without a subpoena. If she feels that she could not in good faith subscribe to such guidelines, then she should be transferred to ano ther office indt h e College.
�"., .
OUr hearings on Miss Webb ,should not, therefore, be ..f:iifl.C.iplinary but rather exploratory; and it should be made clear to her before that she is accused of no wrongdoing. These hearings, therefore, should be in the nature of information gathering. V. The Case of A. Charges 1. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 3/13/70", Mr. Peirsol furnished the F.B.I . with information concerning how long Dan Bennett had taught here, his previous place of employment, the fact that Mrs. Bennett is unemployed, information about Bennett's two children (sic); and data about Bennett's two-toned blue VW with license plate 5V0245. The fact that some of the information is public and other is quite wrong suggests that Peirsol did not consult official files but rather relied on his own inept sleuthing. B. Proposal for a Hearing Although I believe Peirsol was incredibly indiscreet and incompetent, I believe that he was within his rights as a private citizen to give out such information. (However, I could be argued out of this position.) It seems doubtful that the committee could, on the basis of this evidence, do much more than give Peirsol a reprimand. I would like, however, a short investigatory hearing in which the committee could learn more of what Peirsol actually does, so that we might be able to draw up better guidelines for privacy . Therefore, I recommend that he be requested to attend a hearing on this matter and, further, that he be informed that no disciplinary action will be taken against him. V. Final Comments I apologize for the length of this memo., but I feel that the committee should make its decisions about whetherdor
Mr~
Peirsol
�,.
7
not.~
to- hold hearings and the form of these hearings as soon as possible. Outlining my arguments in detail in advance ,will, I hope, speed up our deliberations. I look forward to your ideas at our meeting on Tuesday afternoon.
�
"
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Swarthmore , Pennsylvania 30 A pril 1971
To: From:
Mark Breibart, Lew Cook, Bob Cross, Ning Robinson, Dave Smith, and Jerry W ood Frederic Pryor
~\
Concerning: Proposal for a hearing From the evidence sent by the "Citizens' Commission to I nvestigate the F. B. 1- " and taking into account the considerations . raised at the Special Committee's meeting on April 29, I would like to present a somewhat modified proposal for formal hearings. Our mandate, as I understand it, is to investigate all aspects of the privacy situation at Swarthmore; this includes not only the issues concerning F.B . I. survei llance bbtua l sbeother aspects of the problem. Although we must make some type of judgment about the alleged wrongdoings of Mrs. Fe!y, Mr. Peirsol, and Miss Webb, we have to make a number of other types of decisions as well. The types of- hearings that I propose below have a number of different functions . Before outlining my preliminary opinions about the three staff members implicated in the surveillance prob lem, I would like to discuss briefly the problem of "hearsay evidence . " I. The F . B. I. Papers A. Authenticity Certain documents submitted by the Citizens' Commission are of doubtful authenticity: I refer especially to the handwritten note s or the scribbled notes on some of the official documents. Other documents relate to instruc tions to the F . B.I. from the home office and are not d~ rectly relevant to the alleged wrongdoings of the three staff members . There are, however, a series of documents, mostly on stationery enti tled "United States Government Memorandum" which appear authentic F . B. I . documents. , Two types of internal evidence support this authenticity:
�2
f '·
1. One document to the F . B. I . from William Weidner, _.swa r thmore Chief of Police , details a conversation with Mr . Cratsley and Mr . Stanton which Mr . Cratsley has claimed to be ac curate . 2. Severa l document s .efer to ac t ions by Mis s Webb , which, as I unders tand he r s t atements to the Phoeni x, sh~, ha s admitted . 3 . The F . B. I . conf irmed tha t documents relating to Jacky Reuss had been stolen and several of the documents , whose accuracy was attested by Jacky Reuss , turned up. B. The Hearsay Rule According to my dictionary, the hearsay rule excludes certain out-of-court statements, oral or written, which are offered as evidence . Further, certain types of evidence that are obtained illegally are not admissible . Although these procedures may be necessary in situations where the court has life-or- death powers over an individual, these guidelines are too strict in situations where authentic documents are used to determine whether or not a person should be moved from one position in the college to another . II . The Necessity for Formality As far as I know, the College has never held a hearing in which outside evidence was introduced to influence personne l decisions . I see any hearing that we might hold as an imporpant precedent and, therefore, believe that such a hearing should be conducted with care. In any hearing in which wrongdoing is alleged, I believe that an adversary proceeding is the fairest method of operation. That is, I would like to hear the reasons Mrs . Feiy or her lawyer give me for rejecting the authenticity of the F.B.I . documents. And I would like to hear the strongest possible countercase. I would further like to have notes taken so that there are no possibilities for misunderstandings. Any more informal procedure is not going to protec t the accused in a s effective a manner .
�3 A formal proceeoing also protects the committee from any accusati9n of playing a kangaroo court. Finally , a formal hearing is a concrete action that would satisfy most complaints that the administration has tried to sweep the whole surveillance issue under the rug. We can also announce that recommendations were made to President Cross who theh, at an "appropriate time, can announce his actions. If a record of the proceedings is made, then if any of the three accused desire that the proceedings be made public, a document can be released. III. The Case of Mrs. Feiy A. Charges
1. In the document entitled "United States Memor-
andum 3/13/70", Mrs . Feiy is alleged to have given the F.B.I. the following information about Dan Bennett: a. Bennett was criticized by the administration for inviting speakers uncleared by the College; b. Bennett was criticized by the administration for holding unapproved open discussions about controversal issues; c . Bennett is a radical; d. Bennett has not made any long distance calls to specified people or places in the last month, according to her charge slips. Clearly, only the last piece of information is based on privileged information . The other bits of information could have been gleaned in any number of ways, either legally or otherwise, and I do not feel the re is much we can do about it. 2. Mrs. Feiy has listened in to at least one fe1ephone conversation and made comments to the two people who were talking .
�4
"
B. Linkage between the Two Charges
. -
Both eharges relate to the issue of privacy and, therefore, seem to fall under the purview of our committee (at least in so far as I understand the mandate of our group, although others have disputed this). Both are, I further believe, grounds for removing Mrs. Feiy from her' present position; both may be, although I doubt it, grounds for firing her. Although the second charge could be a matter of concern only between the Personnel Office and Mrs. Feiy, the person raising the complaint did not choose to report the matter until the surveillance issue arose. Although Mrs. Feiy's alleged connections with the F.B . I. and her listening in on a conversation several years ago are unrelated in one sense, they contain elements of a consistent pattern of behavior by Mrs. Feiy and deserve, therefore, to be considered together . Further, separate action by the administration on the part of the second charge would prejudice the proceedings of our committee .
.:-
C. Proposal for a Hearing Any hearing of these charges will probably be quite short, especially since it is likely that she will deny everything. We should request the F.B.I. to send a representative who undoubtedly will not show up. Mrs. Feiy's counsel will undoubtedly cross-examine the two individuals testifying on the second charge and then we will have to come to a decision on whether or not to recommend any action to Bob Cross (who, I presume, will not attend the hearings so that he will not be on both the jury and the administrative bench). Mrs. Feiy should, of course, beinfonned of the charges in advance plus some indication of the evidence with regard to both charges. She should be informed that her refusal to show is equivalent to a nolo contendere plea and that, if she chooses to show up, she can be accompanied by a lawyer or other type of counsel. I think it further advisable to tell her that the maximum penalty would be her transfer to anocher job in the College at the same pay; this may induce her to be more cooperative (although we shouldn't hold our breaths).
�5
"
IV . The Case of Miss \"ebb A. 'Charges 1 . Addordingto the guide line s t ha t Court ney Smith gav e t o members of the admin is tration in November 1965 (which a r e in the F . B.I. fi l es) , Miss Webb was cert ainly' in her ,rights to gi ve the F . B. I. a list of ca tes about when students enrolled or qui t the College. 2. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 11/19/70; , Mlss Webb gave the F.B.I. a number of items on Jacky Reuss which were within the guidelines set out by Courtney Smith. She also, however, told them that Miss Reuss had asked her for her tran~cript to be sent to the University of W isconsin, which exceeded the guidelines. 3. There is also the possibility that Miss W ebb sent the F.B.I. an alphabetized list of black students, although it is not clear from the documents sent by the Citizens' Commission who actually compiled the list. B. Proposal for a Hearing The guidelines set out by Courtney Smith were sufficiently loose and the actions taken by Miss Webb seem sufficiently unimportant that I see little reason at r the present time for making any formal charges against her . Although she is outspoken enough to implicate herself on a number of other charges (e . g . giving transcripts to unauthorized individuals), I have some reluctance for trying to encourage her to hang herself . tVhat our hearing would concern is her ability to live with a set of future guidelines that would prevent he r from giving any transcript information to the F .B.I . without a subpoena. If she feels that she could not in good faith subscribe to such guidelines, then she should be transferred to ano ther office indt h e College.
�"., .
OUr hearings on Miss Webb ,should not, therefore, be ..f:iifl.C.iplinary but rather exploratory; and it should be made clear to her before that she is accused of no wrongdoing. These hearings, therefore, should be in the nature of information gathering. V. The Case of A. Charges 1. According to the document entitled "United States Memorandum 3/13/70", Mr. Peirsol furnished the F.B.I . with information concerning how long Dan Bennett had taught here, his previous place of employment, the fact that Mrs. Bennett is unemployed, information about Bennett's two children (sic); and data about Bennett's two-toned blue VW with license plate 5V0245. The fact that some of the information is public and other is quite wrong suggests that Peirsol did not consult official files but rather relied on his own inept sleuthing. B. Proposal for a Hearing Although I believe Peirsol was incredibly indiscreet and incompetent, I believe that he was within his rights as a private citizen to give out such information. (However, I could be argued out of this position.) It seems doubtful that the committee could, on the basis of this evidence, do much more than give Peirsol a reprimand. I would like, however, a short investigatory hearing in which the committee could learn more of what Peirsol actually does, so that we might be able to draw up better guidelines for privacy . Therefore, I recommend that he be requested to attend a hearing on this matter and, further, that he be informed that no disciplinary action will be taken against him. V. Final Comments I apologize for the length of this memo., but I feel that the committee should make its decisions about whetherdor
Mr~
Peirsol
�,.
7
not.~
to- hold hearings and the form of these hearings as soon as possible. Outlining my arguments in detail in advance ,will, I hope, speed up our deliberations. I look forward to your ideas at our meeting on Tuesday afternoon.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
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Title
A name given to the resource
[Memorandum from Frederic Pryor regarding Proposal for a hearing, 04/30/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Frederic Pryor
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
04/30/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/386faaa6449f40cc2b03a7da7ba5eff9.jpg
2e74551e84d2d396d7f27e0f5872bbe9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Initial Report Re: Student Protest at Swarthmore College
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Swarthmore Police Department
William Weidner
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
01/27/1969
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
1969 sit-in
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/4af75e45a676703b1f97d97cfab5fcf2.pdf
74b189a5697dcc28627313c764f17c38
PDF Text
Text
"
28 June 1971 De ar Mr . William,s:, Thank you for your letter of June 23rd replying to my letter of June 1st, concerning Swarthmore College's relationship with the FBI. We in the administration have always endeavored to have an open and cooperative relationship with the FBI , as with other government agencies, and I hope that can be the pattern for the future . Certainly , we will do everything in our power to sustain that relations hip . I have to add, however, that if the experience of Jacqueline Reuss, daughter of Congressman Reuss, is to be reckoned with, or if the reports from Tom Lewis were correct and are to be credited, it is hard to escape the conc lusion that some members of the FBI were telling the administration one thing , and acting quite differently . I am sure you will agree that that is a poor basis for straightforward cooperation towards legitimate goals . We would not want Swarthmore College or its students or its staff to be immune in any way from the obligations of being good citizens, but the apparent lack of trust which the FBI placed in the College administration could not help but undermine relationships within the College, and make much more difficult one of our central tasks, which ! take to be the training of our students to work openly and public-spiritedly in support of good government and the democratic process . Let me repeat that I hope that before too long we will have a chance to meet and become acquainted. With all best wishes,
1/
/
\
Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross, President Congressman Lawrence G. Williams 1503 Longworth House Office Building Washington, D.C. 20515
�AWRENCE G . WILLIAMS
7TH DISTRICT, PENNSYLVANIA
COMMITTEES:
,.
BANKING AND CURRENCY STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT
DISTRiCT OFFICE : 50 POWELL ROAD SPRINGFIELD,
1503 LoNGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
ROBERT R. SIEGRIST
A.DMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
CAROL
A.
DITZLER
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
~ongrt!i!i of tbt Wnittb ~tatt!i -' rtJouse of l\epresentatibes
.ll~biugtou, 1D.~.
PA.
19064
JAMES
E.
BROOKES
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
20515
June 23, 1971
Mr. Robert D. Cross President Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania Dear Mr. Cross:
19081
This will acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 1, 1971, received in my Washington office . on June 5, 1971, relative to FBI intervention in our colleges • . In answer to the question in your letter of June 1, 1971, you can count on my assistance. However, I want you to know that I have never had any difficulty in communicating with the FBI. The FBI usually comes to a college campus only when there is sufficient evidence that an individual student, or a group of students, are engaging in activities that can lead to violence or could be subversive. Your interest in writing to me is deeply appreciated. Kindest regards.
~
LGW:wjab
LAWRENCE G. WILLIAMS, M. C.
>.
�
"
28 June 1971 De ar Mr . William,s:, Thank you for your letter of June 23rd replying to my letter of June 1st, concerning Swarthmore College's relationship with the FBI. We in the administration have always endeavored to have an open and cooperative relationship with the FBI , as with other government agencies, and I hope that can be the pattern for the future . Certainly , we will do everything in our power to sustain that relations hip . I have to add, however, that if the experience of Jacqueline Reuss, daughter of Congressman Reuss, is to be reckoned with, or if the reports from Tom Lewis were correct and are to be credited, it is hard to escape the conc lusion that some members of the FBI were telling the administration one thing , and acting quite differently . I am sure you will agree that that is a poor basis for straightforward cooperation towards legitimate goals . We would not want Swarthmore College or its students or its staff to be immune in any way from the obligations of being good citizens, but the apparent lack of trust which the FBI placed in the College administration could not help but undermine relationships within the College, and make much more difficult one of our central tasks, which ! take to be the training of our students to work openly and public-spiritedly in support of good government and the democratic process . Let me repeat that I hope that before too long we will have a chance to meet and become acquainted. With all best wishes,
1/
/
\
Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross, President Congressman Lawrence G. Williams 1503 Longworth House Office Building Washington, D.C. 20515
�AWRENCE G . WILLIAMS
7TH DISTRICT, PENNSYLVANIA
COMMITTEES:
,.
BANKING AND CURRENCY STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT
DISTRiCT OFFICE : 50 POWELL ROAD SPRINGFIELD,
1503 LoNGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
ROBERT R. SIEGRIST
A.DMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
CAROL
A.
DITZLER
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
~ongrt!i!i of tbt Wnittb ~tatt!i -' rtJouse of l\epresentatibes
.ll~biugtou, 1D.~.
PA.
19064
JAMES
E.
BROOKES
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
20515
June 23, 1971
Mr. Robert D. Cross President Swarthmore College Swarthmore, Pennsylvania Dear Mr. Cross:
19081
This will acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 1, 1971, received in my Washington office . on June 5, 1971, relative to FBI intervention in our colleges • . In answer to the question in your letter of June 1, 1971, you can count on my assistance. However, I want you to know that I have never had any difficulty in communicating with the FBI. The FBI usually comes to a college campus only when there is sufficient evidence that an individual student, or a group of students, are engaging in activities that can lead to violence or could be subversive. Your interest in writing to me is deeply appreciated. Kindest regards.
~
LGW:wjab
LAWRENCE G. WILLIAMS, M. C.
>.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Correspondence between Robert Cross and Congressman Williams, 06/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Lawrence Williams
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/28/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office
-
http://s3.amazonaws.com/sc-lib-ds-bl1969/original/e89f9c752c4338af37f67078939c7863.pdf
75438cc1867d6edfa184ce2c3650c1ed
PDF Text
Text
'"
28 June 1971
Dear Congressman Eilberg:
~
.
Thank you for your courtesy in sending me a copy of the letter dated June 15 which you received from J. Edgar Hoover . I appreciate very much your following up on my letter to you about my statement on FBI activities on this campus and elsewhere, and I suspect you share some of my despondency at the intransigent tone of Mr. Hoover 's, reply . Do you have any suggestions about further steps I might take? I have received a generally strong letter of support from our colleague in the academic community, a somewhat hostile one from Congressman Wi lliams, and a neu~ tral one from Senator Scott. I have no predilection for laboring at hopeless causes, but I am stubborn enough , when I think I am right - as I do here - to ~ exp lore every avenue that may be suggested that might lead to a more benign situation than I am afraid now exists . Any advice that you could give me would be most appreciated . With all best wishes, Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross , President The Honorable Joshu~ Eilberg Congress of the United States House of Representatives Was hington, D. C. 20515
�~ ((ongrt~S
~ouse
of tl)t 'I1nittb
~. (t.
~tattS
of l\epresentatibes
Ulassbington.
June 17, 1971
Dear Dr. Cross:
FROM ,
JOS,HUA EILBERG
�." ,
~D
N
HOOV ER DIRECTOR
~GAR
Federal Bureau of Investigation United States Department of Justice Washington, D. C.
"f'\
June 15, 1911
H onorable Joshua Eilberg House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515
M dear Congressman: y
I have received your let.ter of June lOth eon... cerning a communication from President Cross of Swarthntore College.
It is certainly regrettable that Dr. Cross has chosen to make such a $weepinq indiatinent. of the PSI and its activities. The FBI has not sought to determine politieal beliefs of students and teaehers G he charges; however, legitimate inquiry by this Bureau into the activities of t.hose who advocate ana:rohy, revolution or other acts in violation of Federal law is a proper function of the Fin and we would be derelict in our duty if we did not investigate such matters. The fact that the persons involved fOX'lllulate their plans or carryon their 8,ctivltieson a. college oampus should not, per se, grant them freedom to flaunt the law. FSI invest.igations are not intended to, and should not, intimidate others merely because they espouse an unpopular or controversial policy. I must also point out. tbat the FBI, as a Bureau within the Department of JUstice, conte$ under the supervision and control of the Attorney General. Additional~y, our duties and responsibilities are olearly defined by legislation enacted by the Congress or by Executive Order of the President • All of our investigations. are conducted within the guidelines of,nd in accordance with, directives of the Oepartment. We do not oonduot investigations
�Honorable Joshua Eilberg
on the basis of whim or fancy, but only for let;Iitimate authorized purposes and will continue to do so as long as I am the Director of this Bureau. Should the fulfillment of our responsibilities require that. we conduct investigation on any college campus r we shall do SQ wit.hout apology to anyone and with full respect. for the freedom of the academic community. Legislative ~ction or administrative fiat to limit the seope of our inquiries in tbemanner sU9'gested by Dr. Cross would not serve the best interests of the country, but would permit those who conspire against our Nation, to hide bebind a smokescreen of rhetoric.
Sincerely yours,
J . Edgar HooveJ!
- 2 -
�
'"
28 June 1971
Dear Congressman Eilberg:
~
.
Thank you for your courtesy in sending me a copy of the letter dated June 15 which you received from J. Edgar Hoover . I appreciate very much your following up on my letter to you about my statement on FBI activities on this campus and elsewhere, and I suspect you share some of my despondency at the intransigent tone of Mr. Hoover 's, reply . Do you have any suggestions about further steps I might take? I have received a generally strong letter of support from our colleague in the academic community, a somewhat hostile one from Congressman Wi lliams, and a neu~ tral one from Senator Scott. I have no predilection for laboring at hopeless causes, but I am stubborn enough , when I think I am right - as I do here - to ~ exp lore every avenue that may be suggested that might lead to a more benign situation than I am afraid now exists . Any advice that you could give me would be most appreciated . With all best wishes, Yours sincerely,
Robert D. Cross , President The Honorable Joshu~ Eilberg Congress of the United States House of Representatives Was hington, D. C. 20515
�~ ((ongrt~S
~ouse
of tl)t 'I1nittb
~. (t.
~tattS
of l\epresentatibes
Ulassbington.
June 17, 1971
Dear Dr. Cross:
FROM ,
JOS,HUA EILBERG
�." ,
~D
N
HOOV ER DIRECTOR
~GAR
Federal Bureau of Investigation United States Department of Justice Washington, D. C.
"f'\
June 15, 1911
H onorable Joshua Eilberg House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515
M dear Congressman: y
I have received your let.ter of June lOth eon... cerning a communication from President Cross of Swarthntore College.
It is certainly regrettable that Dr. Cross has chosen to make such a $weepinq indiatinent. of the PSI and its activities. The FBI has not sought to determine politieal beliefs of students and teaehers G he charges; however, legitimate inquiry by this Bureau into the activities of t.hose who advocate ana:rohy, revolution or other acts in violation of Federal law is a proper function of the Fin and we would be derelict in our duty if we did not investigate such matters. The fact that the persons involved fOX'lllulate their plans or carryon their 8,ctivltieson a. college oampus should not, per se, grant them freedom to flaunt the law. FSI invest.igations are not intended to, and should not, intimidate others merely because they espouse an unpopular or controversial policy. I must also point out. tbat the FBI, as a Bureau within the Department of JUstice, conte$ under the supervision and control of the Attorney General. Additional~y, our duties and responsibilities are olearly defined by legislation enacted by the Congress or by Executive Order of the President • All of our investigations. are conducted within the guidelines of,nd in accordance with, directives of the Oepartment. We do not oonduot investigations
�Honorable Joshua Eilberg
on the basis of whim or fancy, but only for let;Iitimate authorized purposes and will continue to do so as long as I am the Director of this Bureau. Should the fulfillment of our responsibilities require that. we conduct investigation on any college campus r we shall do SQ wit.hout apology to anyone and with full respect. for the freedom of the academic community. Legislative ~ction or administrative fiat to limit the seope of our inquiries in tbemanner sU9'gested by Dr. Cross would not serve the best interests of the country, but would permit those who conspire against our Nation, to hide bebind a smokescreen of rhetoric.
Sincerely yours,
J . Edgar HooveJ!
- 2 -
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Cross Papers
Description
An account of the resource
Correspondence, reports, recommendations, statements, and news clippings from students, administrators, board members, and alums. All of these documents passed through the Swarthmore President's Office during Robert Cross' time there.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Friends Historical Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Correspondence between Robert Cross, Congressman Eilberg, and J. Edgar Hoover, 06/1971]
Description
An account of the resource
Box 03, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Robert Cross
Joshua Eilberg
J. Edgar Hoover
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/28/1971
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
FBI
President's Office